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the
Buffalo
Physician
^ SUMMER 1971 VOLUME 5, NO. 2, SCHOOL OF MEDICINE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO
I
Learning By Closed Circuit TV
The pharmacology class quickly filled the auditorium on the
third floor of Veterans Hospital located across Bailey Avenue
from the Medical School. They were the first medical class to
utilize the new closed circuit TV system that will soon link the
hospital to the Medical School. Had there been more laboratory
time available to them, they would have performed the experi
ment which they were about to view. Through the Starling Heart/
Lung operation being performed on a dog, this teaching film
would illustrate many of the important fundamental features of
cardiac action. Not only would they review the physiology but
the sophomores would obtain a concept and understanding of
glycoside effects.
Video tape can be made in the control room at the hospital
in mobile color and in black and white. In the fall when two
coaxial cables connect the hospital and the Medical School two
captive channels — 9 and 11 — both audio and video can be
tuned in. Through its ITFS selection zoom lens, the camera
is able to focus onto a specific spot, making it ideal for surgery.
But the connecting coaxial cable TV hookup has reciprocal
merits. Not only can medical students now see heart operations
and other procedures performed at the hospital, but house staff
can tune into lectures, seminars or discussions at the medical
school.
An additional new service, Dial Across Medical Lectures, will
fill in the gap where a consultant is not readily available. Spon
sored by the VA and Wisconsin Regional Medical Program, the
recorded service is available on a 24 hour basis. By dialing a
federal telecommunications service number, a doctor or student
at the hospital has instant access to a short five or six minute
lecture on a large number of medical subjects — from blood
transfusions to suicide.•
The pharmacology class learns via closed circuit TV.
Mr. Richard S. Levy and Mr. William H. Maier
Audio-visual Company explain the closed circuit
William Chardack, associate professor of surgery,
Richert, assistant to the Dean and Registrar.
responsible for the VA part of the program.
from the Seneca
equipment to Dr.
and Dr. John A.
Dr. Chardack is
SUMMER, 1971
Volume 5, Number 2
THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN
Published by the School of Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo
IN THIS ISSUE
EDITORIAL B O A R D
Closed Circuit TV
Editor
inside front cover
ROBERT S . MCGRANAHAN
2
The Prescription Team
MARION MARIONOWSKY
5
A Presidential Inauguration
Dean, School of Medicine
7
Repression by Default
Managing Editor
DR. LEROY A . PESCH
by President Robert L. Ketter
Photography
HUGO H . UNGER
EDWARD NOWAK
Medical Illustrator
11
The Chronically 111
12
A Summer in England
by Ira Mintzer, Class of 1972
MELFORD J . DIEDRICK
Graphic Artists
14
Witebsky Memorial Lecture
RICHARD MACAKANJA
DONALD E. WATKINS
15
Better Health Care
Secretary
16
Summer Fellowships
18
Intern Matching
21
Human Sexual Response
CONSULTANTS
25
Cassettes Aid Teaching
President, Medical Alumni Association
26
Computer Mapping
27
APFME Scholarships
FLORENCE MEYER
DR. ROLAND ANTHONE
President, Alumni Participating Fund for
Medical Education
DR. MARVIN BLOOM
28
Laboratory Advisory Board
Vice President, Faculty of Health Sciences
29
Ending Pregnancy
30
Living Cell
JOHN C . CARTER
32
Heart Repairing
Director of Public Information
33
3-D Process
DR. CLYDE L. RANDALL
Vice President, University Foundation
JAMES DESANTIS
34
Alumni Reception/Muscular Dystrophy
DR. ROBERT D. LOKEN
35
RMP/Furnas Scholarship
Director of Medical Alumni Affairs
36
Family Planning
37
VA Programs
38
Dr. Sanes Honored
39-43
The Classes/People
44
In Memoriam
45
Alumni Tour
President, University Foundation
DAVID K. MICHAEL
Director of University Publications
THEODORE V . PALERMO
Vice President for University Relations
DR. A . WESTLEY ROWLAND
the
Buffalo
Physician
The cover design by Richard Macakanja focuses upon learning by
closed circuit TV. Please see the opposite page for details.
THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN, Summer, 1971 — Volume 5, Number 2, published
quarterly Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter — by the School of Medicine, State
University of New York at Buffalo, 3435 Main Street, Buffalo, New York 14214.
Second class postage paid at Buffalo, New York. Please notify us of change of
address. Copyright 1971 by the Buffalo Physician.
The Prescription Team Physician, Pharmacist,
Manufacturer
By David F. Burkholder, Pharm.D.
From January 1, 1967 to June30, 1970
Dr. Burkholder was Associate Profes
sor and Director, Center for Pharma
ceutical Practice, School of Pharmacy,
State University of New York at Buf
falo, and Director, Pharmaceutical Ser
vices, Buffalo General and Children 's
Hospitals. He is now Associate Profes
sor, Hospital Pharmacy at the Univer
sity of Missouri, Kansas City.•
(reprinted from M O D E R N M E D I C I N E ,
December 29, 1969)
IN THE WORLD OF HEALTH CARE there are many teams, At almost
any meeting of health professionals during this decade one could
surely expect some discussion of the team concept as it applies
to health care planning and organization. Curiously, there has been
a great deal said about the team concept but very little done in
the way of its actual implementation. Everybody pays lip service
to the idea, particularly within individual disciplinary circles, but
this in itself is a contradiction to the team approach and suggests
a clinging to the old provincial roles with only gradual change
through unilateral planning.
Historically, the physician was often his own dispenser and
the pharmacist was his own producer and sometimes even prescriber for the common complaints and ailments he encountered
among his clientele. Early in this century, a pharmaceutical indus
try began to emerge which was capable of producing high-quality
products of more specific pharmacological action. The efficient
mass production of convenient dosage forms of consistent quality
has now all but completely replaced the pharmacist's role as a
producer of his own prescription drugs in their finished forms.
By our present-day standards, we identify the physician as the
prescriber, the pharmacist as the dispenser, and the manufacturer
as the producer. This is the pattern of things as learned by most
of us in our professional education and training. Within each of
these areas, however, many changes are taking place with a
new level of sophistication in the services being provided. This
"new look" in drug utilization, especially within major teaching
hospitals, is reflected in such specialties as clinical pharmacology
in medicine, clinical pharmacy in pharmacy, and clinical coordina
tion by manufacturers in pharmaceutical research. Notice the
"clinical" modification common to all the older disciplines:
pharmacology, pharmacy, and pharmaceutical research. Implicit
in this clinical orientation is the desire to direct all effort toward
the improvement of patient care. The literal meaning of clinical
is the laying of hands on the patient, and yet no one of these
disciplines touches the patient more than the nurse. The meaning
of the word clinical here refers to the ultimate benefit derived
from the optimal use of drugs, with the desire to reach the
patient's objectives rather than to reach for the patient per se.
Such clinical coordination among physicians, pharmacists, and
pharmaceutical manufacturers in deriving greater knowledge and
experience will require a concerted effort to function as a team.
Let's look very briefly at the whole contemporary pattern of
drug utilization in this country. On the one hand, hundreds of
drug manufacturers produce thousands of drug products under
rigid standards of quality control with rather specific accounta
bility required for the disposition of these products. On the other
hand, there are tens of thousands of physicians prescribing drugs
for millions of patients amounting to billions of doses, each pro
ducing multiple pharmacological effects. In the latter situation,
there are few standards and essentially no control in drug utiliza
tion except in certain hospitals where institutional policy generally
allows for it or clinical research efforts are directed specifically
to study some aspect of drug utilization. The pharmacist is the
2
THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN
middleman, and although he controls the prescription, his prescrip
tion records, a tangible source of information, are seldom utilized
for study purposes, and the final control in drug utilization is
lost the moment he dispenses the drug to the patient.
Because the loss of control in drug utilization is so general and
so diverse, it is necessary to set up study groups, research teams,
and drug review committees, mostly in hospitals and out-patient
clinics where a structured environment lends itself to more
closely following the care and treatment of a given population of
patients. It is within this more academic setting, rather than in
private practice, that we see the emergence of a prescription
team to study the patterns and precise character of drug utiliza
tion. This is where we find the specialized professionals with the
clinical orientation mentioned earlier.
When a new drug first undergoes clinical investigation, as
phase II and III studies, a great deal of careful attention is paid
to the control factors associated with the study according to a
predesigned protocol. This is carried out through the combined
efforts of the drug manufacturer (sponsor) and clinical (principal)
investigator, a team of two. Unfortunately, the pharmacist is not
usually brought into this team effort, and as a result, the com
plete and detailed records of their ultimate disposition within the
hospital or clinic are left to a clerk or secretary of the investi
gator which can later lead to problems for the sponsor.
The moment a New Drug Application has been approved by
the Food and Drug Administration for production and marketing
of a new drug product, the manufacturer becomes less involved
in the actual utilization of the new product and the pharmacist
suddenly becomes deeply involved. Now we againhavea team of
two working together, but the manufacturer's interest in the new
product has tended to shift administratively from its medical de
partment to its departments of production and sales. At this point,
the amount of control and interest in studying the most effective
utilization of a new drug is greatly decreased. There seems to be
a false assumption that just because a new drug product has been
approved by the FDA there is no further requirement to study its
continued use to determine the limits of its efficacy and safety
in a variety of patients. This shift in emphasis of interest ironical
ly occurs at a time when the greatest amount of information and
benefit could be derived from the much larger experience gained
through its intended use in tens of thousands of patients under a
variety of conditions.
I would like to propose the establishment of so-called "phase
IV studies" by the prescription team: physician (or clinical phar
macologist), pharmacist (or clinical pharmacist), and manufacturer
(or clinical coordinator). These studies, although not required by
law, would serve the purpose of adding to our present drug
knowledge more precise information based on actual experience
with these drugs as they are used in practice.
Within the many hospitals and clinics of our country lies a
wealth of information which is based on the factual experience
of drug use and therefore is self-generating. Undoubtedly, the pro
grammed collection and organization of this information would
provide the strongest evidence in determining the character of
SUMMER, 1971
3
Dr. Burkholder
drug selection, drug utilization, and even drug performance for
many newer drug products now in use. The value of this informa
tion has been demonstrated thus far in only a few widely scat
tered teaching hospitals. But even with this limited experience, it
is quite clear that programs of this type, now being coordinated
between the hospital's pharmacy and medical staffs, have taken
a major step in providing a more rational basis for the selection
and use of drugs in patient care.
Through the coordination of effort by a prescription team, a
continuous monitoring program could be established for each
manufacturer to determine:
1] Choice of drug product and frequency of choice for a given
clinical condition
2] Size and frequency of dosage used
3] Duration of drug use
4] Drugs given in combination
5] Other treatments (non-drug) given concurrently
6] Pattern of pertinent laboratory values or other parameters
used to determine the patient's progress
7] Relationship of patient's progress to specific drug therapy
employed in a time-dose relationship
8] Frequency of adverse reactions and side effects under a var
iety of clinical conditions.
The collection of such data would enable the manufacturer
and others to better assess optimal drug use—efficacy as well as
safety—in specific types of patients; provide more detailed in
formation on drugs used in combination, drug interactions, and
drug interference with special diets and diagnostic tests; and
determine physiological availability of the drug under different
pathological conditions. In addition to aiding the teaching mission
of our health practitioners concerned with drug therapy, this
information would be useful to the drug manufacturer in devel
oping improved drug products and new dosage forms. The value
of such information in marketing research would be far superior
to a mere analysis of sales figures in assessing the acceptance
of a new product.
Undoubtedly, the drug manufacturer could initiate this team
effort and organize a type of phase IV study program for moni
toring the use of selected drug products. Provided the con
fidentiality of the hospital or clinic, physician, and patient could
be assured by the appropriate use of codes, such a team effort
would not only seem feasible but would be very desirable in
providing a much needed body of useful information for the clin
ical pharmacologist, the clinical pharmacist, and the clinical co
ordination program of the manufacturer. By a contractual ar
rangement with the hospital, the hospital pharmacist, again the
middleman on the team, could be responsible for all data col
lection. This is easily facilitated by the fact that the pharmacy
is the one place in the hospital where all the drug orders are
received for all the patients undergoing treatment and care.
Because the medical departments of most pharmaceutical man
ufacturers have concerned themselves primarily with new drugs
undergoing initial clinical evaluation (prior to marketing), it would
be necessary for them to extend their interest to the continued
use of marketed products through phase IV studies as proposed.•
4
THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN
A Presidential Inauguration
D
p ROBERT L. KETTERwas inaugurated as the University's third
'R.
president and 11th chief administrator February 15 by Dr. Ernest
L. Boyer, State University Chancellor at Kleinhans Music Hall.
Approximately 1,800 people gave Dr. Ketter a standing ovation
following the installation.
Prayers were offered by clergymen of three faiths - Msgr.
Joseph E. Schieder, Pastor of St. Andrews Church; The Reverend
Ralph W. Loew, Pastor of Holy Trinity Lutheran Church; and
Rabbi Martin Goldberg of Temple Beth Zion. Representatives of
180 universities and professional societies marched in the aca
demic procession led by Dr. John T. Horton, University Marshall,
and professor of history.
Speaking on behalf of the Undergraduate Students Associa
tion Mark Huddleston said, "will you have the vision to restore
the sense of unity and excitement that marked the administration
of Martin Meyerson?"
"We can look forward to many years of positive leadership,"
responded William C. Baird, chairman of University Council. He
cited Dr. Ketter's achievements as a scholar and successful ad
ministrator. "You were chosen for your ability to interpret a
large, growing facility to its many publics. We have total con
fidence in your ability to lead the University to even higher rank."
Speaking for the academic community, Dr. John S. Toll, pres
ident of the State University at Stony Brook, pointed out that
a university president has only a "razor edge of maneuverabil
ity" in dealing with current problems. "The academic community
rejoices on this occasion, but can you?"
Other speakers on the 90-minute program were Michael Rosen,
president of the Graduate Student Association; Dr. William H.
Baumer, chairman of the Faculty Senate and associate professor
of philosophy; and Robert E. Lipp, president of the General
Alumni Association.
Mr. Rosen asked the new president to promote personal dig
nity and to realize that the "dignity of one person is no higher
than the rest of humanity." Representing the faculty, Dr. Baumer
described Dr. Ketter's presidency as "characteristic of beginnings —
times of hopes and dreams, fears and uncertainties." He proposed
an effort on the part of the University community to develop
"a community of scholars in every best sense of that phrase."
Alumni President Lipp praised the new president's actions during
the first seven months of his term. "You have led capably and
we are most pleased."
In inaugurating Dr. Ketter, Chancellor Boyer presented him a
silver medallion which is the emblem of the president's office.
It incorporates the UB seal, a cluster of books radiating from a
central core and represents the unity of knowledge gained through
the university's diverse faculties.
SUMMER, 1971
5
Drs. Boyer, Ketter
Dr. Ketter, a 42-year-old eng
ineer, was named president in
June, 1970 by the State Univer
sity Board of Trustees. He had
been a member of the faculty
for 12 years.
The University Brass Ensemble, under the direction of Frank
J. Cipolla, played the National Anthem and accompanied the Uni
versity Chorus in Tomas Luis de Victoria's "O Magnum Mysterium". Mrs. Sylvia Dimiziani directed the Chorus.
After the ceremony there was a special luncheon at the Ridge
Lea Campus dining room. The group also heard messages from
the community and central SUNY administration. Chancellor
Boyer gave greetings not only to the new president but also to
his family, speaking of the "family commitment" that must be
made as well as the presidential one.
Buffalo City Comptroller George O'Connell brought the "feli
citations of the City of Buffalo" to "President Bob" on behalf
of Mayor Sedita. President Ketter was given a "gold plated
letter opener" with the seal of the County of Erie in its handle
by B. John Tutuska, Erie County Executive. Tutuska said the
seal represented the "appreciation and gratitude" the County has
for the new president.
Greetings to Dr. Ketter were also extended by Dr. Albert
Berrian, associate commissioner for higher education, State of
New York, the Very Reverend James M. Demske, S.J., president
of Canisius College, and Allen Dekdebrun, supervisor of the Town
of Amherst.•
Dr. John T. Horton
The luncheon
THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN
Chancellor Boyer, Mr. Baird, members of the Council of State
University of New York at Buffalo, members of the Board of
Trustees of State University of New York, Distinguished Visitors,
Delegates, members of the University faculty and student body,
Reverend Clergy, Alumni, Ladies and Gentlemen.
This moment revives for me a feeling I experienced when I
was first appointed to office and which I am sure all of my pre
decessors shared, for I am standing now, as they did, at the
crossroads between tradition and innovation, between the impera
tive to preserve an inheritance from the past and the sense of
the opportunity to give a shape to the future.
For each of my predecessors the interplay between tradition
and innovation has had a unique meaning, since the point at
which they meet shifts from generation to generation. In my opin
ion, the area of crucial concern here and now is the relation
between academic freedom and academic responsibility. Therefore,
on this occasion, I want to make that relationship the focus of
my remarks.
I
In an article which appeared last August in one of the national
dailies, it was reported that thirty-two states had enacted legisla
tion designed specifically to control campus disorders. There has
not yet been sufficient time to analyze fully the implications of
these measures; nevertheless, I would submit that such laws are
repressive at worst and at best, they are regressive, for they are
certain to erode the institutional autonomy which is a prerequisite
for true academic freedom.
Traditionally, universities have opposed any attempts to cir
cumscribe their autonomy, reasoning that an attack against the
conditions under which academic freedom exists is in fact an
attack against academic freedom itself. In general, their opposi
tion has not been misplaced; for the privilege of autonomy has
rarely been granted without a struggle, and even then, society
has demonstrated a reluctant acquiescence rather than a positive
commitment to the concept.
Unfortunately, our concentration on preventing external inter
ference has deflected our attention away from internal responsi
bilities. We have looked outward at the expense of looking in
ward, and now find ourselves faced with an uncomfortable para
dox: our very preoccupation with external threat has helped to
bring it about.
Nor has the internal neglect resulted only from our struggle
for autonomy and academic freedom. It also has come out of
arrogance and fear, an arrogance which has placed us above
responsibility, and a fear which has paralyzed our will to adhere
to the demands of responsibility even when we have perceived
them.
Lewis Mayhew and numerous other educators have warned us
of the gravity of the crisis that these attitudes have created. If
the university does not put its own house in order, the political
SUMMER, 1971
7
Repression by Default
Robert L. Ketter
President
State University of
New York at Buffalo
establishment, in response to public pressure, will attempt to do
so. We will have squandered our inheritance of both autonomy
and freedom.
We cannot continue to invite repression by default. It is im
perative that we, ourselves, define our responsibilities and de
termine to meet them. This is one of the primary opportunities
the future holds for each of us.
II
Drs. Strauss, Mohn, Brody
The mission of a university is to contribute to the welfare of
society — through education. This contribution has traditionally
been made in the areas of teaching, research and public service.
To properly serve in these areas the university has required that
it be given the autonomy which insures free inquiry into the truth
of all phenomena, and the free dispensation of the results of
that inquiry.
Samuel Capen, Chancellor of this University from 1922 to 1950,
wrote that what we have asked is "to be protected against every
form of reprisal" that the truth might provoke. This is to be
given a uniquely privileged status, one which almost implies ab
solute freedom. Judge Learned Hand pointed to the danger in
this extreme interpretation: "A society in which men recognize
no check upon their freedom," he said, "soon becomes a society
where freedom is the possession of only a savage few . . . ."
The academic profession has recognized the validity of this
warning and has sought to avoid the abuse of its freedom by selfimposed precepts: a reliance on scholarship rather than opinion,
reason rather than power, intellectual exchange rather than dogma,
and above all humanity in its relations to others.
But academic freedom is now threatened. It is true that the
university is one of many social institutions confronted today by
a loss of confidence. It is also true that dissatisfaction with the
university has been heightened by changes in other sectors of
society. But we are still faced ultimately with the realization that
the atmosphere of freedom on campus has been invaded. It has
been invaded by those whose impatience and ill-conceived goals
demand the destruction of the university, as the only solution to
the problems of an institution which reflects many of society's
deficiences and injustices. It has been invaded, too, by those
who wish to suppress expression of unpopular views, who do
not distinguish between violent revolt and peaceful dissent. The
university has been peculiarly vulnerable to these invasions be
cause its commitment to freedom and to the complexities of
truth has often paralyzed its ability to act.
In reviewing recent educational history, it must be concluded
that while less visible, no doubt because it was less volatile,
serious abuses of academic freedom began to afflict universities
in their early years of burgeoning affluence following World
War II. These abuses were caused by arrogance, an arrogance
which has done much to provoke the disorder which many have
cited as the justification for the present threats to our autonomy.
This arrogance has been manifested in the imposition of an auto
cratic lecture system which too frequently has denied students
8
THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN
the freedom of inquiry which we have claimed for ourselves.
We have expected our own conclusions, expounded at length,
to be returned dutifully at the end of the term. We have thus
displayed in ourselves the closed minds which we have been so
quick to condemn in others.
Our research, and sometimes our pretensions to research,
have interfered with our teaching. Light course loads have been
used as opportunities not to devote more time to individual stu
dents, but to pursue our own interests, whether or not these
interests are of benefit to those whom we teach. Our offices
are more often closed than open to students and much of our
teaching has been left to the least experienced. Our research in
terests have too often been dictated by available funds which
have led to an eager relinquishing of autonomy and self-direction.
The excess of wealth that has mushroomed our research has been
matched by our hubristic claims that have created unrealistic
expectations among the students and in the community.
To whatever extent these charges are applicable to institutions
and individuals, then to that extent the institutions and the indi
viduals have abrogated their responsibility to the purpose of higher
education. This denial, this arrogance of self-interest, must be
accorded its own proper role as a factor in the erosion of con
fidence in the academic profession. For it is a pervasive sense
of disenchantment, not alone a reactionto campus disorder, which
has created the current threat to autonomy and academic freedom.
Ill
There are many who now recommend that research institutes,
separate from the universities, be created; that universities no
longer act as certification boards for employers in business and
in the professions; and that the public demand for the services
of higher education be limited. These recommendations — which
come from within the university as well as from without — sug
gest that there is a widespread belief that the university has
over-extended itself, has attempted to fill too many roles.
These proposals may have some merit, but I do not believe
that we are going to restore the trust we have lost simply by
proposing remedies dependent upon elements outside the univer
sity. The teaching, research and service functions have been part
of the role of universities since their creation in medieval times,
and I do not foresee a time when one or another of them will
be abandoned: they are too interrelated.
I believe first we must recognize that teaching is primary, and
that research and service are valuable to the university in the
degree to which they facilitate the former. It is through teaching
that the university and the individual in the university will make
their broadest contribution to the welfare of society. The teacher
must never allow the pursuit of his own interests to lead to
neglect of the intellectual growth of his students.
As the largest graduate center in the State University of New
York, this institution at Buffalo has a particular obligation to re
search. But, if we insist that our activities in both the pure and
applied fields are to be carefully selected to enhance the teaching
SUMMER, 1971
Dr. Randall, Dean Pesch
Chancellors, Presidents
1. Millard Fillmore
1846-1874.
2. Orsamus H. Marshall
1882-1884.
3. E. Carleton Sprague,
1885-1895.
4. James 0. Putnam
1895-1902.
5. Wilson S. Bissell
1902-1903.
6. Charles P. Norton
1905-1920.
7. Samuel P. Capen
1922-1950.
8. T. Raymond McConnell
1950-1954.
9. Clifford C. Furnas
1954-1966
10. Martin Meyerson
1966-1970.
11. Robert L. Ketter
1970Including acting chancellors
and presidents, Ketter would be
16th:
1. Fillmore; 2. Marshall
(there was no acting chancellor
between Marshall and Fillmore);
3. Sprague; 4. Putnam; 5. Bis
sell; 6. George Gorham, "acting"
between Bissell and Norton; 7.
Norton; 8. Walter P. Cooke, "act
ing" between Norton and Capen;
9. Capen; 10. McConnell; 11.
Seymour H. Knox, "acting"
between McConnell and Furnas;
12. Furnas; 13. Claude E. Puf
fer, "acting" while Furnas was
on leave as assistant secretary of
defense; 14. Meyerson; 15. Peter
F. Regan, "acting" while Meyer
son was on leave during 196970, and 16. Ketter.
As for the presidential num
ber, Furnas was the first presi
dent; the title was changed from
chancellor after the merger with
State University. That would
make Ketter the third president.
process, then we will maintain our integrity as a true institution
of learning. Realistically, this selection will have to be made
among interests which individuals, businesses, foundations, and
governments are willing to finance. It would be foolish to argue
that social utility is not a powerful institutional influence. Never
theless, careful selection among our options can preserve our
right to define our own priorities while simultaneously serving
societal advancement.
Public service, apart from the service inherent in teaching and
research, has occupied during the last several years an increasing
amount of time and resources within the university. It is obvious
by now, however, that the university cannot be honed into a cut
ting edge for social change. That role would require attributes
that are antithetical to the objectivity demanded by scholarship.
Therefore, in exercising this function we must make sure that
our programs of service have a broad educational value, and that
an advocacy of special interests does not usurp the critical stance
that the university at all times must maintain.
IV
Can the responsibilities of the university community be ob
served without a formal and enforceable code of ethics? It is
true that our universities have become more legalistic in nature
as a result of campus disorders. Nevertheless, the disciplinary
codes and due process measures that have been drawn up to deal
with these problems have not stilled the public outcry for yet
more stringent regulations.
Reacting to this external pressure and out of a genuine concern
for the viability of freedom on the campus, many educators have
suggested the need for a well-defined code which includes an en
forcement mechanism. The Association of American University
Professors recently released a statement on freedom and respon
sibility; the American Association of State Colleges and Univer
sities has issued its own statement on "academic freedom, re
sponsibility, and tenure"; and at both Berkeley and Stanford the
faculties have been considering the strong enforcement of "codes.''
I feel very strongly that this concern for professional ethics is
healthy, for all too often in the past we have emphasized freedom
without sufficient regard for responsibility. It is my personal
hope, however, that California is not, as it has been labeled,
"the nation's weather vane." I do not share the view of those
persons who feel that the consensual and uncodified guidelines
for academic freedom and academic responsibility are too illdefined to be useful; and I do not want the University placed
in the position of having to create a formal code and enforcement
procedures as a means of avoiding that creation by others.
If this possibility can be averted, it will be done so through
institutional and individual commitment to self-discipline. It is
this quality which enables us to sublimate our self-interests to
the advancement of the human good and to thereby fulfill the
purpose of higher education and of this University. The quality
is intrinsic to scholarship; it is both our defense and our freedom.
The time has now come to reclaim it.D
10
THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN
Help for the Chronically 111
If you had any preconceived notions that health personnel in
Buffalo work together to benefit the chronically ill and their
families, you were quickly disillusioned. Invited members of the
community, attending the conference, asked the same question
many times: WHERE DO I GO FOR HELP? WHO DO I SEE?
Attempting to answer the questions were the 500 physicians,
allied health professionals and social workers attending the Family
Management of the Chronically 111 Conference.
From the man whose homelife had turned into a kind of
"hell" because of lack of help for a daughter born with a severe
birth defect thus precipitating a disintegration of relationships
with his wife and three other children — to the health guide
who was continuously rebuffed in her attempts to gain help for
a World War I paralyzed veteran and his partially paralyzed
wife, the evidence remains that "you can dial a phone number
and try to get an answer. And if you are lucky you may get
another number to call."
But at least two seekers of help left the conference with
some sort of hope for a beginning at solving some of their prob
lems. Moderator Dr. Samuel Sanes called upon the professionals
in the audience to supply a list of names and numbers to call.
What was so glaringly evident to all was WHY DON'T
WE KNOW ABOUT AGENCIES IN THE COMMUNITY? There
still remains a paucity of information on overall services offered
that makes it difficult for the professionals to direct a patient to
resources that exist.
Agreement was reached that evaluation is the key to a pro
gram developed for a chronically ill patient. And that rehabili
tation must start for the patient the day that he enters the
hospital and not wait until after his operation. And if the indi
vidual cannot adapt to his environment, the environment must
adapt to him.
But a computerized health care system for Western New York,
now in its first phase, Dr. fames R. Nunn pointed out, will
match hospital patients who are ready for nursing home care
with existent vacancies.
What of the future? If medical students are not taught to work
as members of a community-wide health team, the group were
cautioned, the future will be no better than the past. There are
many resources, many private agencies who stand ready to help
those in need.
HOW TO RESPOND TO THESE PROBLEMS? There is a need
for a central referral system, to dial a number and get the as
sistance you need. But it has to be an excellent system to work
properly, it was pointed out.
It is not because of professional failure, the conferees were
reminded, that is at fault, but because of human failure. An
impassioned plea from a physician to "stay with a call for help
until you get the answer" ended the conference.•
SUMMER, 1971
11
A Summer in Socialized Medicine
By Ira Mintzer, Class of 1972
Ira Mintzer
My eight week clinical fellowship at Addenbrooke's Hospital
in Cambridge, England presented a view into a somewhat dif
ferent system of medical care than is practiced in our country.
Cambridge is a city with a small population. Therefore Addenbrooke serves as a referral center for much of the East Anglia
area. The Hospital has two sites. The older and more centrally
located building is used for general medical care and emergencies
while the newer site is devoted to outpatient clinics, accident
emergencies, and to surgical care.
I was attached to a general medicine firm at the hospital. This
hospital unit consisted of consultant, senior registrar, registrar,
and houseman. All patients referred to the consultant by a gen
eral practitioner are cared for at Addenbrooke by this firm. My
particiular firm was headed by Drs. T. M. Chalmers and P.
Adams, medical consultants interested in endocrine physiology,
notably abnormalities of calcium metabolism.
Besides patient workups, presenting cases during rounds, I
attended teaching rounds and outpatient clinics. My firm conducted
a special bone clinic, emphasizing calcium metabolism, stone
formation, and diagnostic problems involved in parathyroid dis
ease. And there were visits to Fulbourne Mental Hospital and
the Ida Darwin Center for Mental Retardation with Dr. Adams,
a consultant to these smaller community hospitals. Attachment
to this firm certainly was a rewarding introduction into clinical
medicine.
To broaden my view of the British National Health Service
and clinical sciences, my Cambridge fellowship sonsor, Dr.
Chalmers, arranged a number of medical subspecialty sessions.
The first centered around neurology under consultant neurologist
Yearland. There were outpatient and Parkinsonian clinics, and
ward rounds that were especially instructive, because of the
question/answer type of dialogue between physician and stu
dent. It enabled me to think in terms of differential diagnoses
about various disease states. The MRCP rounds also utilized
this Socratic type of examination. Students, along with candidates
for Royal College of Physician examinations, were taken to the
bedside and asked to elicit physical signs. The cases presented
often demonstrated rare or classic entities — Wilson's disease
with Kayser-Fleischer rings, Sjogrens disease or various metabolic
disturbances such as acromegaly or Paget's disease.
The second special session featured the radiotherapy unit at
Addenbrooke. Here I observed radiotherapy techniques of both
diagnosis and treatment — radio-isotope scanning, x-irradiation,
radium implantation, and lymphangiography. I learned histories
of various malignant diseases such as mycosis fungoides, its
diagnosis, treatment, and outcome.
12
THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN
At Chesterton Hospital, devoted to the subspecialty of geria
trics, I participated in ward rounds with occupational and physio
therapists, medical and surgical personnel. And I was introduced
to the problems of diagnoses, care, rehabilitation (prostheses,
etc.) and social work when joining the latter on home visits
to geriatric patients.
Additional time in the hematology department involved anti
coagulant clinics serving to follow patients during their course
of anticoagulation. Laboratory visits covered testing procedures,
prothrombin and partial thromoplastin times, techniques of blood
sample examination with the Coulter Counter for RBC, WBC,
and hematocrits. I followed various diagnostic procedures, sternal
punctures, and subsequent marrow examinations, and was able
to correlate clinical problems with hematological investigations.
On visits to the blood bank I learned about the National
Donor Center which supplies needed blood to the hospital where
it is subsequently crossmatched and made available preoperatively.
Final sessions were spent with a general practitioner, the
foundation of medical practice in England. All treatment in Eng
land is initiated at the GP level and through him referrals are
made to the consultant and firms described. The GP is family
counselor, obstetrician, pediatrician, and provider of general
medical care.
Mornings in his office were followed by afternoons making
house calls, a regular part of the English practitioner's day. The
doctor/patient relationship is reinforced in this non-hospital setting.
We also visited the public health laboratory, a unit of the
National Health System which provides to the community bacter
iological and virological studies. Diagnostic tests are performed
for both hospital and general practitioner as are routine checks
on milk, water, etc. In addition epidemiological studies are made
to prevent outbreaks of salmonella, brucella, etc.
CRITIQUE OF THE SYSTEM
Health care in the British medical system is provided to
all in need. Care is not dependent on the wealth of the
individual but on facilities available and seriousness of
disease state. A young patient in renal failure will more
easily obtain the use of limited renal dialysis units than
will an elderly patient with congestive heart failure, dia
betes, and renal shutdown.
The British medical system is pyramidical; the general
practitioner forms the base and the consultant the apex.
While about 15 percent of all medical graduates obtain
hospital positions, the majority enter general practice
with limited or no hospital privileges. All referrals and
initial diagnosis stem from the GP, the foundation of the
system. The quality of this key physician may vary, thus
forming at times a weak link in the system. Perhaps great
er hospital responsibility to the local physician would
assure higher standards. In this rigidized system of hospital
medicine, only the most qualified reach the highly regarded
consultantship position. Careful modification of this sys
tem may be needed.
SUMMER, 1971
13
The next issue of the Buffalo
Physician will feature a picture
story of the 34th annual Spring
Clinical Days.•
National Health Service, overseer of medical care in
England, regulates professional salaries, a factor influencing
the "brain drain" to the U.S. However, high standards of
care are maintained.
An important area that is controlled are drug prices
and standards. All drugs under this service are free except
for a 2 and 6 fee, equivalent to 30 cents. The patient bene
fits from prescribing of generic names of drugs.
Despite the rigid control of medicine in England, the
system works and it works well. There is much to be
learned from it. Doctors, nurses, occupational and physio
therapists are dedicated to the care of the patient. Often
facilities are inadequate and more physicians are needed.
But the basic plan of the system — medical care for all
who are in need — is one which serves as a foundation
for growth and improved medical care.D
Dr. Witebsky
Memorial Lecture
There is considerable circumstantial evidence that a virus may
cause cancer. That is what Dr. Werner Henle, professor of
virology at the University of Pennsylvania, said at the first Dr.
Ernest Witebsky Memorial Lecture February 8. Dr. Henle cited
an impressive list of findings that pinpoint a virus of the herpes
family — a family known to cause shingles, cold sores and chickenpox. It is known as the Epstein-Barr virus, named for the sci
entist who first saw it in cultures of cells from patients with a
malignant disease known as Burkitt's lymphoma.
Dr. Henle and his wife Gertrude [also a virology professor)
are in the forefront of those studying the virus. They and other
scientists have found the virus in all patients with Burkitt's lym
phoma, and in all patients with another type of cancer found in
Hong Kong, cancer of the postnasal space. They also learned
that the virus is present in 100 per cent of the patients who have,
or have had, infectious mononucleosis. It may be simply a
"passenger" virus.
Why should a virus found so commonly throughout the world
cause cancer in some instances but not in others? Dr. Henle sug
gests this is because the virus does not work alone, but with
accomplices such as diet, chemicals, heredity, and other factors.
The nature of the cancer depends upon the accomplice chosen.
Both Dr. and Mrs. Henle were students at the University of
Heidelberg where the late Dr. Witebsky taught before coming to
America. Dr. Witebsky died Dec. 7, 1969. He was a distinguished
professor of microbiology and the first director of the Center for
Immunology at the University.
An Ernest Witebsky award for proficiency in microbiology
during the past year was presented to four students: Miss Doris
V. Goldchain, a graduate student; Michael Gordon and Stanton
R. Schiller, junior medical students, and Stanley Shainbrown, a
junior dental student.•
14
THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN
Better Health Care
I\ EEPING PEOPLE HEALTHY rather than stressing treatment only in
times of severe illness is the goal of the Nixon administration's
health plan, according to Dean LeRoy A. Pesch. He also serves
as health manpower consultant to the United States Department
of Health, Education and Welfare.
The basic idea of the new plan is to build on the present
system as opposed to tearing down the old and substituting
something for it. Dr. Pesch mentioned six specifics:
(1) Fill the need for an increased supply of health profes
sions by aiding and improving education.
(2) Provide better facilities by promoting construction and
efficient utilization of existing facilities.
(3) Insure that people will be able to have the kind of medical
care they need when they need it—not just when they are sick,
but before they are so ill that they require hospitalization.
(4) The number of physicians trained in medical schools would
be increased by expanding opportunities for graduates to pay off
federal loans by working in ghettos or rural areas where the
supply of doctors is too low to meet needs.
(5) A larger loan fund for low-income medical and dental
students.
(6) Granting $93 million to medical schools to encourage
expansion.
The main initiative of the new health plan is the so-called
Health Maintenance Organization (HMO). These groups include
the Health Insurance Plan of New York, the Kaiser Plans of the
Middle West and California and the Puget Sound Health Plan in
Washington state. About eight million Americans are now en
rolled in these plans which emphasize preventive medicine. Ac
cording to Dr. Pesch HMO would be private groups of physicians,
who could be attached to a corporation, a hospital, or any other
existing organization. They would provide regular medical care
for a person whenever the individual felt it was needed. "The
intent is to provide health service to a group of people in a way
that shifts the emphasis to maintenance of health, rather than
just illness. This would control some of the high costs of treating
illness. Many kinds of people could qualify.
To help new HMO's to get started $23-million has been
allocated for planning grants to aid potential sponsors in both
the private and public sector. The Nixon administration also
proposes a series of new area health education centers in places
which are medically under-served.•
SUMMER, 197)
15
There are several other na
tional health plans being dis
cussed.
Most evolve around
whether the mechanism of the
restructuring should be public, in
the form of a compulsory national
health plan, or private, with the
government role limited to health
insurance subsidies and financial
incentives. Some of the other
proposals: Senator
Kennedy
plan; AMA Medicredit; Aetna
Life & Casualty Co.; Senator
Javits plan; AFL-CIO plan; Sen
ator Claiborne Pell plan; and
American Hospital Association
(Ameriplan).
New Twist to
Summer
Fellowships
"We were hoping that all 71 medical students who were awarded
summer fellowships this year could receive a stipend of $1,000
rather than the traditional $600 sum. But," said Dr. Carl Bentzel
who heads the fellowships committee, "limited funds prevented
us from doing so. We had to look for a new approach in allo
cating available committee support funds on a competitive basis."
This led to an additional option to the traditional educational
experience one finds in medical school. For those freshmen,
sophomores and juniors who could, with excellence, imagination
and initiative, present a problem and outline ways in which
they hoped to solve it, there would be the reward of a higher
stipend for the summer.
Some of the applications that the fellowship committee re
ceived were as good as many senior investigator grant proposals.
The fellowship committee, composed of basic science and clinical
faculty plus two student appointees, awarded the higher stipend
to eight applicants (see table) whose proposals were judged to
be outstanding.
What will the 71 medical students do? Fifty-six will remain
in Buffalo to work in the areas of clinical, research or family
practice over an eight week period. Nine will obtain a different
type of medical experience in five other American cities while
four will spend the summer in England and two others in Israel.
RESEARCH
Local
Project
Site, Faculty
Brown, Ian S. '74
Rosenberg, Jan '74
Szymula, Norbert J. '73
Weiss, Robert M. '74
Inhibition of synoptic transmission in autonomic ganglia
Tolerance to lysergic acid diethylamide
Work in pathology laboratory
Research in cancer immunology
Pharmacology, SUNYAB—Dr, R. Mclsaac
Pharmacology, SUNYAB—Dr. J. Winter
Sister's Hospital—Dr. P. Milley
Roswell Park—Dr. J. Bekesi
CLINICAL RESEARCH
Local
HIS bundle recordings with particular reference to
heart block and WPW
Anderson, Timothy, W., Jr. '74 Drug abuse and addiction
Changes in limb lead qrs voltage as indication of
Barnett, Paul H. '74
immediate prognosis in myocardial infarction
Clinical immunology, immune response of patients
Budny, James '74
with bacterial and viral infections
Sex education for inner city adolescents
Floyd, Rita D. '73
Abramowitz, Bruce '73
Hakel, Susan J. '73
Sex education for inner city adolescents
Hallac, Ralph '73
Haberman, Michael A. '73
Hammond, Susan P. '74
Hart, Benjamin A. '74
Evaluation of immune response to milk proteins
Neutrophil alkaiine phosphatose in Hodgkin's disease
Search for helper viruses to Yaba virus
Thyroidal I; specific peroxidase as aid in diagnosis of
critinism, hypothyroidism
Immune response of patients with bacterial infections
Spinal cord compression in lymphomas
Studies in cryosurgery for tumors
Hypoxia in pneumonia
Pediatric surgery
Studies of radiation-induced nephritis in mice
Antenatal detection of genetic disorders
Public health and community medicine
Developmental assessment of infants, children
Cardiology
Dermatology
Heller, Marc E. '74
Hrushesky, Donna M. '73
Huddle, Robert H. Jr. '73
Klaw, Robert '72
Kruger, Paul S. '72
Manzella, John P. '74
Marks, James S. '73
McAllister, Charles J. '73
Palma, Paul A. '73
Pores, Ira H. '73
Poretta, Jerome C. '72
16
Veterans Hospital—Dr. I. Besseghini
Meyer Hospital—Dr. C. D'Amanda
Buffalo General Hospital—Dr. J. Wanka
Children's Hospital—Dr. M. MacGillivray
Westminister and St. Augustine Centers—
Dr. J. Dower
Westminister and St. Augustine Centers—
Dr. H. Sultz
Meyer Hospital—Dr. A. Yurchak
Veterans Hospital—Dr. B. Fisher
Roswell Park Institute—Dr. J. Ambrus
Children's Hospital—Dr. R. Slaunwhite
Children's Hospital—Dr. I. Neter
Roswell Park Institute—Dr. L. Stutzman
Veteran's Hospital—Dr. A. Gage
Buffalo General Hospital—Dr. O. Bossman
Children's Hospital—Dr. J. Allen
Buffalo General Hospital—Dr. A. Prezyna
Children's Hospital—Dr. R. Davidson
Erie County Health Dept—Dr. M. Ibrahim
Children's Hospital—Dr. Kerr-Grant
Veteran's Hospital—Dr. D. Dean
Roswell Park—Dr. E. Klein
THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN
Riozzi, Michael A. Jr. '73
Sanders, Barry '73
Sansome, Michael A. '73
Schulman, Elliott A. '74
Scherz, Arnold W. '73
Severin, Hayden D. '74
Stern, Lewis J. '72
Sybert, Virginia P. '74
Whelan, Kathleen M. '74
Wymbs, Henry '73
Aspects of leukemia virus and erythropoietin
Melabolism of INH in patients undergoing chronic
dialysis
E v a l u a t i o n o f response of hepatic and pancreatic
t i s s u e t o heterologous antisera and globulins
Investigation of myocardial state in acutely ill man
Cardio-respiratory failure following operation
Liver and gastrointestinal diseases
E f f e c t o f drugs on bilirubin binding capacity in n e w b o r n
Induction of crossing-over and recombination in
human somatic ceils
B leomycin therapy fo r a d vanced squamous cell carinoma
Clinical approach to diagnostic chest disease
Roswell Park Institute—Dr. E. Mirand
Meyer Hospital—Dr. A. Tannenberg
Roswell Park Institute—Dr. E. Holyoke
Meyer Hospital—Dr. H. Falsetti
Veteran's Hospital—Dr. K. Olson
Buffalo General Hospital—Drs, Ali, Nolan
Children's Hospital—Dr. S. Yaffe
Children's Hospital—Dr. M. Cohen
Veteran's Hospital—Dr. A. Gage
Meyer Hospital—Dr. C. Pietraszek
CLINICAL
Local
Ackerman, William J. '73
DiBianca, Robert '72
Launer, Dana P. '73
Levin, William D. '72
Leiberman, Nancy '73
Russell, Keith F. '74
M e d i c i n e w i t h special emphasis on evaluation
Cardiology
Pediatric surgery
Surgery
Pediatric oncology
Introduction and guidance to orthopedic surgery
Veteran's Hospital—Dr. J. Acquilina
Buffalo General—Dr. J. Constant
Children's Hospital—Dr. T. Jewett
Buffalo General—Dr. R. Adler
Roswell Park—Dr. L. Sinks
1008 Humboldt Pkwy., Dr. R. Worrell
Role of state health dept in chronic disease control
and its relationship t o medical care delivery system
General Practice
Anesthesiology
Pediatrics
Pediatrics
Clinical cardiology
General Practice
R o l e o f s t a t e health d e p t . in chronic disease control
and its relationship t o medical care s y s t e m
Family practice in rural setting
Health Dept., Providence, Rhode Island
National
Alpert, Bernard '74
Camacho, Fernando J. '73
Gershbein, Bart '74
Goodman, Marianne '74
Napolitano, Guido J. '74
Natali, Vincent G. '73
Pietro, Daniel A, '73
Thaler, Paul '74
Thorington, Darlene '73
Staten Island Hospital, New York
Veteran's Hospital, Boston, Mass.
Albert Einstein School of Medicine
Montefiore Hospital, New York City
Tucson Medical Center, Tucson, Ariz.
Staten Island Hospital, New York
Providence, Rhode Island
MK&T Hospital, Parsons, Kansas
Foreign
Gordon, Michael
Hematology
Jacobowitz, Israel '73
Leitner, March '72
Mintzer, Ira '72
Microbiology, Hadassah Hospital
Evaluation of Israel's health care system
Clinical medicine in Great Britain
Newman, Stephen '72
Hematology
Pohl, Lawrence S. '72
Hematology
Addenbrooke Hospital, Cambridge, England
arranged by Dr. J. Mohn
Jerusalum, Israel-arranged by Dr. A. Barroi
Israel-arranged by Dr. C. D'Amanda
Addenbrooke Hospital, Cambridge, Englant
arranged by Dr. J. Mohn
Addenbrooke Hospital, Cambridge, England
arranged by Dr. J. Mohn
Addenbrooke Hospital, Cambridge, England
arranged by Dr. J. Mohn
FAMILY PRACTICE
Anderson, Charles L. '73
Gayles, Kenneth '73
Herman, Jeffrey P. '73
Jones, Leeland A. '73
Kuretzky, Sharon '73
McMahon, Daniel J, '73
Schuster, Dennis I. '73
Dr. Frank G. Evans, 1453 Jefferson Avenue, Buffalo
Dr. David Bull, Veterans and Deaconess Hospitals, Buffalo
Clinical experience in inner city, Erie County Health Dept., Dr. P. Isaacson
Dr. David Bull, Veterans and Deaconess Hospitals, Buffalo
Dr. James Nunn, 350 Alberta Drive, Buffalo
Dr. James Nunn, 350 Alberta Drive, Buffalo
Dr. Charles Massaro, 509 Cleveland Drive, Buffalo
SPECIAL $1,000 FELLOWSHIP
Culmer, Viola L. '74
Hrushesky, William J. '73
Hust, Frederick S. '72
Traugott, Craig A. '74
Trumbull, Robin L. '74
Young, Lynda M. '73
Visco, John P. '73
Reader, G. Scott '73
SUMMER, 1971
Description of world of black child through fingerpainting Meyer Hospital, C. P. O'Kane
Ethyl methyl suiphonate induction of renal adeno carcin
Roswell Park Institute—Dr. G. Murphy
oma in five groups of Sprague Dauley rats
Evaluation of radiothaiamate determined extramoiecular
Buffalo General Hospital—Dr. C. Elwood
space in anuric and hemodialysis patients
B iochemical characterization of minimal deo ration
Biochemistry, SUNYAB—Dr. E. Massaro
heparoma cultured in vivo and in vitro
Mechanism of R factor induced tetracycline resistance
Pharmacology, SUNYAB—Dr. A. Reynard
in E. Coli
E f f e c t s o f drugs on preimplantation in mouse embryo
Children's Hospital—Dr. S. Yaffe
grown i n vitro
Quantitation of intrapuimonary shunts
Meyer Hospital—Dr. F. Klocke
Quantitative correlation of eiectrocardiogy and
Veteran's Hospital—Dr. D. Dean
cineangiography
17
Dr. Thomas G. Commiskey, assistant dean, congratulates Lawrence D. Lubow (Mil
lard Fillmore Hospital) as Henry Milgrom (Mount Sinai Hospital) waits his turn.
Almost half (46] of the class of 111 senior medical students who
will graduate from the School of Medicine this spring will remain
in Buffalo to do their internships. Last year the figure was just
a bit over one third of the class.
Results of the National Intern Matching Program, which at
tempts to match the preferences of the students with those of
the hospitals throughout the country were announced March
29. Ten of the seniors have been "matched" for university pedi
atrics internships at the Children's Hospital; 18 for medical intern
ships at Buffalo General/Meyer Hospitals; nine for rotating gen
eral internships at Deaconess Hospital; one each for straight
surgery at Buffalo General and Meyer Hospitals; and six for the
Millard Fillmore Hospital—two in rotating medicine and six for
National Infprn
± ^ctLiwiicti u n c i ii
, 1 •
^
Matcnmg
Straight surgery.
Twenty-one other members of the class will do internships
in New York State—20 in the New York City area and one in
Albany. Seventy-five seniors received their first choice of intern
ships while 11 received second choice and 10 their third choice.
Of the eighteen states in which graduating seniors will intern,
California received the second largest share — 7. With north,
south, east and west represented, five will intern in Ohio and a
like number in Washington, D.C., while one will intern in Ha
waii. Two will serve in the U.S. Air Force at Travis, California
while three others will join the Public Health Service (two at
Staten Island and one in California],
Two of the internship programs at the University were com
pletely filled. They are medicine at the Buffalo General/Meyer
Hospitals and pediatrics at the Children's Hospital. Of the thirty
requested in the Medicine Internship at the Buffalo General/Meyer
Hospitals, 18 were matched from the UB Medical School and
the remaining 12 from other medical schools. Children's Hos
pital, which asked for 13, received 10 UB graduating seniors and
three from other medical schools.
One, in the entire medical class that was "matched," will
intern in the prestigious Massachusetts General Hospital while
two others will go to Johns Hopkins University.
18
THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN
MLCHA ABELES, Buffalo General/Meyer Hospitals, Buffalo, Rotating Medicine/Surgery
RICHARD M. ANSCHER, Meadowbrook Hospital, Meadowbrook, N.Y. Rotating Med J Psychiatry
JOHN M. ANTKOWIAIC, Children's Hospital Buffalo, Rotating Medicine/ Ob/ Gyn
MICHAEL A. ARCURI, Buffalo General/Meyer Hospitals, Buffalo Rotating Medicine/Surgery
MICHAEL H. ARMANI, Deaconess Hospital, Buffalo, Rotating Medicine/Surgery
MICHAEL B. BARON George Washington Center, Washington, D.C. Straight Medicine
PAUL D. BARRY, Queens Hospital, Honolulu, Hawaii, Rotating Medicine/Surgery
MICHAEL G, BAXT, University of Colorado Affiliated Hospitals, Denver, Straight Medicine
BARBARA A. BENNETT, Children'S Hospital, Buffalo, Straight Pediatrics
GERALD M. BERESNY, St. Barnabas, Livingston, New Jersey, Rotating Medicine
ALLEN I. BERLINER, Meadowbrook Hospital, Meadowbrook, N.Y. Straight Medicine
DAVID A. BLOOM, University of California Hospital, Los Angeles, Straight Medicine
JERRALD A. BOVINO, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York City, Straight Medicine
BARRY G. BROTMAN, Washington Hospital Center, D.C., Rotating Medicine
ALAN H. BULLOCK, Medical College of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia, Rotating Medicine
KENNETH A. BURLING, Children's Hospital, Buffalo, Straight Pediatrics
NICHOLAS J. CAPUANA, Deaconess Hospital, Buffalo, Rotating Medicine/Surgery
MANNY E. CHRISTAKOS, Edward J. Meyer Memorial Hospital, Buffalo, Straight Surgery
KENNETH J. CLARK, JR., Buffalo General/Meyer Hospitals. Buffalo, Straight Medicine
TERENCE M. CLARK, Mary Imogene Bassett Hospital, New York City, Rotating Medicine
CARL I. COHEN, Medical College of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Rotating Medicine/Psychiatry
ARTHUR C. CRONEN, Public Health Service, Staten Island, N. Y., Rotating Medicine/Surgery
ERIC M. DAIL, U.S. Air Force, Fairfield, California, Straight pediatrics
JOHN C. DAIMLER, Buffalo General/Meyer Hospitals, Buffalo, Straight Medicine
BARBARA I. DATTWYLER, Children's Hospital, Buffalo. Straight Pediatrics
SANFORD S. DAVIDSON, Public Health Service, San Francisco, California, Straight Surgery
LAWRENCE J. DEANGELIS, Buffalo General/Meyer Hospitals, Buffalo, Straight Medicine
RICHARD J. DIGENNARO, Deaconess Hospital, Buffalo, Rotating Medicine/Surgery
THOMAS G. DISESSA, University of California Hospital, Los Angeles, Straight Pediatrics
NORMAN S. ELLERSTEIN, Children's Hospital, Buffalo, Straight Pediatrics
JEFFREY D. FLEIGEL, The New York Hospital, New York City, Straight Surgery
HENRY GEWIRTZ, University Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, Straight Medicine
CHARLES GOLDSTEIN, Good Samaritan Hospital, Phoenix, Rotating
SIGMUND S. GOULD, Deaconess Hospital, Buffalo, Rotating Medicine/Surgery
COLLEEN GRATTO, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Psychiatry
HARVEY GREENBERG, New York Medical College-Metropolitan, N.Y. City, Rotating Med/Surg.
JOHN C. GUEDALIA, UCLA Affiliated Hospitals, Los Angeles, Rotating Medicine
BARRY W. HAIGHT, Cincinnati General Hospital,Ohio, Rotating Med/Surg/Ob/Gyn
JOHN M. HALL, Cincinnati General Hospital, Ohio, Psychiatry
MARK S. HANDLER, Albert Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, Rotating
JAY A. HAROLDS, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C., Straight Medicine
DAVID E. HOFFMAN, Buffalo General/Meyer Hospitals, Buffalo, Rotating Medicine
JOHN R. HUNTER, University of Kentucky Medical Center, Lexington, Rotating
The senior class is "uptight" awaiting intern matching announcements.
Louis G. IANNONE, Good Samaritan Hospital, Phoenix, Rotating
ANNIE B. JACKSON, Vanderbilt University Affiliated Hospitals, Nashville, Straight Pediatrics
CHARLES G. JACKSON, Vanderbilt University Affiliated Hospitals, Nashville, Straight Pediatrics
ROBERT B. KAUFMAN, University of Pennsylvania Hospital, Philadelphia, Straight Medicine
SCOTT D. KIRSCH, Evanston Hospital, Illinois, Straight Surgery
DOUGLAS W. KLOTCH, North Shore Memorial Hospital, Manhasset, N.Y., Straight Surgery
LEONARD W. KRAM, University of Miami Affiliated Hospital, Fla., Rotating Medicine/Psychiatry
,
JONATHAN W. LEHRMAN, Cambridge City Hospital, Cambridge, Mass., Rotating Medicine
JONATHAN S. LEVY, San Francisco General Hospital, California, Rotating Medicine/Psychiatry
STANLEY B. LEWIN, Buffalo General/Meyer Hospitals, Buffalo, Straight Medicine
JEFFREY B. LICHTMAN, Deaconess Hospital, Buffalo, Rotating Medicine/Surgery
JERALD J. LITTLEFIELD, Deaconess Hospital, Buffalo, Rotating Medicine/Surgery
LAWRENCE B. LUBOW, Millard Fillmore Hospital, Buffalo, Rotating Medicine
Michael G. Ball (Colorado Uni
versity Hospital, Denver) con
gratulates Francis J. Ttvarog (left)
on his "match" to Massachusetts
General Hospital.
RICHARD A. MANCH, Buffalo General/Meyer Hospitals, Buffalo, Rotating Medicine
MARTIN N. MANGO, Buffalo General/Meyer Hospitals, Buffalo, Rotating Medicine
DONALD H. MARCUS, Meadowbrook Hospital, Meadowbrook, New York, Straight Medicine
STEPHEN R. MARDER, Denver General Hospital, Colorado, Rotating Medicine/Psychiatry
ROBERT S. MARKMAN, Meadowbrook Hospital, Meadowbrook, New York, Straight Medicine
THOMAS K. MAYEDA, Buffalo General/Meyer Hospitals, Buffalo, Rotating Medicine
DENIS G. MAZEIKA, Cleveland Clinic Hospital, Ohio, Rotating Medicine
JAMES J. MCCOY, Millard Fillmore Hospital, Buffalo, Straight Surgery
HENRY MILGROM, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York City, Straight Pediatrics
MERRILL L. MILLER, Children's Hospital, Buffalo, Straight Pediatrics
MARVIN S. MORDKOFF, New York Medical College-Metropolitan, Straight Medicine
ASKOLD D. MOSIJCZUK, Children's Hospital, Buffalo, Straight Pediatrics
RICHARD L. MUNK, Millard Fillmore Hospital, Buffalo, Straight Surgery
DENNIS A. NADLER, Children's Hospital, Buffalo, Straight Pediatrics
PAUL M. NESS, Buffalo General/Meyer Hospitals, Buffalo, Straight Medicine
LAWRENCE H. OLIVER, Long Island Jewish, Med. Ctr., New Hyde Park, Rotating Medicine
LAWRENCE D. OSTROW, St. Elizabeths Hospital, Washington, D.C., Psychiatry
ROY M. OSWAKS, Millard Fillmore Hospital, Buffalo, Straight Surgery
ROBERT W. PALMER, Millard Fillmore Hospital, Buffalo, Rotating Medicine
JOEL H. PAULL, Buffalo General Hospital, Buffalo, Straight Surgery
KENNETH M. PIAZZA, Buffalo General/Meyer Hospitals, Buffalo, Rotating Medicine
VALENTINE P. PIEROTTI, Deaconess Hospital, Buffalo, Rotating Medicine/Surgery
DAVID W. POTTS, Cincinnati General Hospital, Ohio, Straight Medicine
ELIAS PUROW, Meadowbrook Hospital, Meadowbrook, New York, Straight Medicine
D. S. RICHARDSON, Georgetown University, Washington, D. C., Straight Medicine
DENNIS J. ROSEN, Boston University, Massachusetts, Straight Pediatrics
WARREN M. ROSS, Buffalo General/Meyer Hospitals, Buffalo, Rotating Medicine/Surgery
DAVID M. ROWLAND, Deaconess Hospital, Buffalo, Rotating Medicine/Surgery
RICHARD S. ROWLEY, Deaconess Hospital, Buffalo, Rotating Medicine/Surgery
WILLIAM F. RYCKMAN, U.S. Air Force, Fairfield, California, Straight Pediatrics
The Dennis Nadlers (Children's
Hospital. Buffalo)
The Kenneth Solomons (Albany
Hospital)
NEIL J. SAPIN, Meadowbrook Hospital, Meadowbrook, New York, Straight Medicine
SAM SEIDMAN, Public Health Service, Staten Island, New York, Rotating Medicine/Surgery
NEIL M. SENZER, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Straight Pediatrics
ANDREW Y. SILVERMAN, University of Michigan Affiliated Hosp., Ann Arbor, Straight Ob/Gyn.
KENNETH SOLOMON, Albany Hospital, Albany, New York, Rotating Medicine/Psychiatry
RICHARD I. STAIMAN, Yale-New Haven Medical Center, New Haven, Conn. Straight Pathology
MARVIN L. STEIN, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York City, Straight Surgery
WILLIAM STERNFELD, University Hospitals, Cleveland, Ohio, Straight Surgery
ALLEN STONE, Meadowbrook Hospital, Meadowbrook, New York, Straight Pediatrics
DONALD F. STORM, Children's Hospital, Buffalo, Straight Pediatrics
CHARLES A. STUART, Buffalo General/Meyer Hospitals, Buffalo, Straight medicine
THOMAS S. SVENSSON, Children's Hospital, Buffalo, Straight Pediatrics
HAROLD TRIEF, Buffalo General/Meyer Hospitals, Straight Medicine
FRANCIS J. TWAROG, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Straight Pediatrics
WILLARD VAN NOSTRAND, III, Santa Barbara Cottage Hospital. California. Rotating General
DALE A. VANSLOOTEN. Monmouth Medical Center, Long Branch, New Jersey, Straight Surge:
STEPHEN N. VOGEL, Millard Fillmore Hospital, Buffalo, Straight Surgery
THOMAS C. WAITZ, Maricopa County General Hospital, Phoenix, Straight Surgery
ILJA J. WEINRIEB, Buffalo General/Meyer Hospitals, Buffalo, Straight Medicine
ROBERT C. WEISS, Buffalo General/Meyer Hospitals, Buffalo, Straight Medicine
JOHN M. WENDELL, JR., Riverside Hospital, Newport News, Virginia, Rotating
TERRY WILLIAMS, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York City, Straight Surgery
CHARLES F. YEAGLE, III, Edward J. Meyer Memorial Hospital, Buffalo, Straight Surgery
BENNETT G. ZIER, Buffalo General/Meyer Hospitals, Buffalo, Rotating Medicine/Surgery
JOHN J. ZYGMUNT, C. S. Wilson Mem. Hospital,Johnson City, N.Y., Rotat. Med/Surg/Ob/Gy*
THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN
r
T,
.HERE WAS STANDING ROOM only for the medical community and
laity overflowing three auditoriums and Capen Hall corridors.
They came to listen to the leading expert in the study of human
sexuality who immediately established rapport by his opening
remark "there appears to be a certain interest in the subject."
Dr. William Masters reminded the audience that it took two
years back in the 50's to obtain permission to do research on sex
at Washington University in St. Louis. From the dean to the
chancellor to the trustees was the route before he was assured
in 1954 that "the university supports the concept of sex research
on campus."
"What are you going to do now that you have permission?"
asked the chancellor of Dr. Masters. With not the vaguest idea
he haunted the library. But there was only one book, Dickinson's
Atlas on Human Sexuality that had been sketched for obstetrics.
And it was on the reserve shelf, restricted for use of full pro
fessors and above. The associate professor had to appeal to a
chairman before the book could be removed from the reserve
shelf.
He soon turned to the professionals in the field. For the next
two years he literally lived with the prostitute population — there
was so much to learn. Realizing that "a man is never going to
know anything about female functioning" he needed an inter
preter. Jinny Johnson, the female member of the team, now his
wife, joined him. There was no question but that the dual sex
team led to its objectivity and survival.
But what are the facts and fallacies on sexual functioning
and dysfunctioning, the topic of Dr. Masters' talk? Communica
tion or lack of it, misinformation, taboos, etc., are at the root
of sexual hangups, he quickly explained. "What people need
more than anything else is some basic information. For the
couple who want a child, there are questions about when and
how frequently they should have intercourse." And an exclama
tion that it takes 30 to 40 hours to replace the sperm count after
every ejaculation. They are then sent home to try for three months.
One out of eight will conceive during that time.
He found misinformation and misconception on every edu
cated level in our society. To the question "does any form of
masturbation lead to psychoses" that up to a few years ago was
always asked of him by a member of the medical community,
he responded — No! "If we can talk about sex as a natural subject
then masturbation is natural. It is universal and practiced by both
males and females." The amount of masturbation? Kinsey's sta
tistics, the only information available, are a quarter of a cen
tury old.
It was difficult to find any among the hundreds interviewed
by Dr. Masters who could state how much masturbation was too
much. What he did find to be the case was that much misinforma
tion was accredited to the subject. Discussion of human func
tion has just not been allowed. It was not until 1960 that the
first course in human sexual functioning was taught in our
medical schools. Few physicians practicing today have had any
formal education in this field, he said, and they are basing their
teaching on their own personal experiences.
SUMMER, 1971
21
Human
Sexual
Response
Dr. William H. Masters pre
sented the annual Harrington
Lecture March 19 to an overflow
crowd in Butler Auditorium and
two adjoining lecture rooms (139
and G-22) on closed circuit tele
vision. The student - sponsored
lecture also was beamed to 17
hospitals on the Telephone Lec
ture Network of the Regional
Medical Program. Dr. Masters
is professor of clinical obstetrics
and gynecology at Washington
University, and director, Repro
ductive Biology Research Founda
tion, both in St. Louis. He is
co-author with his wife (Mrs.
Virginia Johnson Masters) of the
best selling "Human Sexual Re
sponse" in 1966 and "Human
Sexual Inadequacy" published
in 1970.
The Harrington Lectures were
created in 1896 by the will of
the late Dr. Devillo W. Harring
ton, professor of genital and urin
ary diseases, at the Medical
School.•
The student-sponsored Harrington Lecturer quickly established
his theme that "sex is a perfectly natural function." People are
not taught to breathe or eat. These things are natural. So is sex.
There is no way to teach them. But if sex is a perfectly natural
function, why then do we have so much trouble with it? Sex
ual function is so unique in our culture that it can be pulled out
of context and delayed indefinitely. "You will recall in the history
of our civilization that many people dedicated sexual function
to the gods, thus resulting in many of the taboos and miscon
ceptions that we have today."
But let us clear up the misconception about the female orgasm,
he said. From a physiological point of view the female goes
through the same changes in her body regardless of the area of
stimulation, be it clitoral, vaginal, etc. "The same thing happens
regardless of the cause of stimulation."
From an anatomical point of view, he explained to the laity,
there is no physical possibility of the female having intercourse
without direct clitoral stimulation. And he explained the wonder-
ful degree of accommodation of the vagina that will expand to al
low a baby's shoulders and head to pass through, and accept
any size penis.
What about the potential sexual response of males/females?
The female, he assured the audience, has the greater potential
response from a sexual point of view than the male ever dreamed
of having. Naturally multiorgasmic, if she is so in her younger
years she will continue to be so into her eighties.
In our culture, he said, the male is supposed to be the sex
expert. While anatomically the clitorus has the same tissue as
the penis, manipulation of the clitorus may be irritating rather
than stimulating to the female. But rarely does she have the
courage to say, "look, let me show you how." There is so little
communication between the male and female —and he specifically
pointed to the marital state — in the area of sexual responsibility.
It is very difficult if the female does not tell the male what
pleases her. For the female who does not respond and let the
male know is inevitably the one who asks "what is wrong with
him?"
SUMMER, 1971
23
The Harrington Lecture Student
Committee: Richard Berk son,
David Breen, David Buscher,
Robert Penn, Andre Raszynski,
James Singer, and Thomas Wasser.•
"How simple a thing if we could take sex and make it a
natural thing again." But he explained that it takes a lot more
courage than most of us have. "If things get going and going
well, it is in spite of ourselves."
What about the male? Most males are concerned about the
size of their penis. Dr. Masters receives at least two letters a
week from Vietnam expressing this concern. What most people
do not realize, he said, is that when measured the penis is
usually in a flaccid state. The size changes tremendously during
an erection and we are just not well informed about the ability
of the vagina to accept any size penis. "This simple misinforma
tion has made men miserable for the rest of their lives," he
pointed out.
As the male ages certain things happen. While sex is just as
natural in his fifties he may find it a bit slower to achieve an
erection. But so are his other reflexes a bit slower. He may also
notice a reduction in volume and pressure. But he emphasized
that no matter how old, if the male is in reasonably good health
and has an interesting partner he will not lose his ability to ach
ieve an erection.
What about the aging female? What happens to her? If she is
not having regular intercourse following menopause, her vaginal
barrel shrinks in size, and the lining of the vagina becomes thin
and atrophic. She may not lubricate well but this can be re
stored with hormones, regularity of intercourse, and clitorus
exposure.
While her sexual interest is maintained, it may be more diffi
cult for the aging female to find partners, so a return to mas
turbation increases. The fantasy and dream world do not stop
and she will continue to have these dreams in the eighty year
group. He reasserted - SEXUAL FUNCTION IS PERFECTLY
POSSIBLE AT ANY AGE.
There is no uninvolved partner where there is sexual dys
function. That is why the Masters team treats the problem through
the relationship and not by separating partners. In the past,
medicine has treated the impotent man and the nonorgasmic
woman as separate entities and the therapy has been less than
effective.
How about the homosexual? He does not consider homo
sexuality anything but a perfectly natural activity. The homo
sexual is a man and the lesbian is a woman. Most have had
a mutuality of sexual experience — heterosexual and homosexual.
Historically, it is a perfectly natural function. If a male has
trouble with his potency, he changes his role. During 1965, over
60,000 men were booked into the New York City Police Bureau
for homosexual activity. ANY FORM OF PHYSICAL EXPRES
SION CONDUCTED BETWEEN CONSENTING ADULTS IN
PRIVATE IS ACCEPTABLE. This was stated and restated by Dr.
Masters throughout his lecture.
What he is dedicated to is an adequate postgraduate medical
training program. And over the next decade, he hopes to bring
premature ejaculation, the easiest of male dysfunctions to treat
effectively, under control. Currently being trained are teams of
three members each (a physician and two other professionals] to
carry on this teaching role at Yale, Columbia, Duke and Wis
consin.•
THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN
Junior medical student Joseph A. Matino III
takes notes from an audio-visual cassette
projector.
Computers, Cassettes
Supplement leaching at
Children's Hospital
c
CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL is using audio-visual cassettes, computers
and cameras to instruct medical students in caring for patients.
Dr. Ronald G. Davidson, professor of pediatrics, doesn't expect
the machines to take over. They are just "extra hands" for the
physician. The machines free the physician from routine tasks
that are often repetitive and boring and enable him to devote
more time to what he is best equipped to do — instructing and
supervising students at the bedside.
The machines are available at all hours of the day and night
so individual students can learn at his own rate. Each audio
visual cassette, for example, consists of a 20-minute taped lecture
with slide illustrations. If a student wants to learn more about
a given subject, he can select the cassette lecture and listen as
the tape unwinds and the slides appear on a screen. If he
doesn't understand the first time, he can listen again, and again.
And if he still has questions he can call the lecturer who taped
the program.
The computer can actually assist in the diagnosis of specific
problems in child patients. The machine's memory has been pro
grammed with details of several hundred "syndromes" — specific
combinations of defects and symptoms. No human mind could
have so much information at its command. After a student, or
a member of the house staff, has examined a patient, he "feeds"
the pertinent historical, physical and laboratory findings into the
computer according to their numbers in a program book. The
computer takes all the findings and gives back a list of the most
likely syndromes. For each syndrome it lists the percentage of
the findings that are compatible with that diagnosis, the findings
that are usually present for that syndrome, and those that are
missing. And it cites a reference to which the student can go for
further information. With this help, the student can return to the
patient, or the laboratory, to get whatever information he needs
to firm up his diagnosis.
Dr. Davidson predicts that audio-visual devices and the com
puter are destined to play an increasingly important role in
teaching medicine at all levels and in the evaluation of teaching
programs.•
SUMMER, 1971
25
Two junior medical students, Robert H.
Levitt and Lawrence Zerolnick, are using the
computer to assist in the diagnosis of a
specific problem.
Computer Mapping for Better Health
Dr. Sultz, Mr. Donald Brothers,
cartographer
(COMPUTER MAPPING, a new dimension in studying populations,
will lead to sounder health care planning decisions for the eight
counties of Western New York. It is a three-dimensional approach
to epidemiological studies by the department of social and pre
ventive medicine that combines computer technology, geography,
and graphics.
How does it work? Maps of the eight counties have been
enlarged. An 18-member team under Dr. Harry Sultz, asso
ciate professor of social and preventive medicine, have identified
every street intersection, railroad crossing, etc. This information
— or nodes as they are termed—have been processed into the
computer as have the 1970 census tapes covering the eight
counties of Western New York. To this information will hope
fully be added the geographic portion of the enormous amount of
health services data elaborately collected and stored in file cab
inets of health care agencies throughout the city.
Computer mapping is really building a file of information on
block levels, explained Dr. Sultz. "It will enable us to produce
health care delivery maps of the entire eight county region that
will show the number of patients living on each block, their
medical conditions, and sources of health care." At any given
time the team will be able to determine the number of elderly
persons, for example, who live on "A" street and have been
treated for chronic diseases. Or the number of children who live
on "B" block. They will have the ability to pinpoint the largest
incidence of infectious diseases as well as have at their fingertips
a host of additional information that this plotting technique will
reveal. The team is currently mapping the ambulatory service
areas of the seven major hospitals that serve the inner city to
determine the population that is being treated. This "marketing
research data" will enable each hospital to make a more valid
decision regarding expansion, modes of treatment, etc.
Said Dr. Sultz, "what makes this service unique is its ability
to graphically illustrate three variables at the same time. For
example if we are talking about emergency rooms, not only can
we find out the use of each hospital's facilities, but the number
and kinds of patients (emergencies, etc.) that use these facilities
at both peak and slow hours during the day." Summing it up,
Dr. Sultz said that just as good medical therapy begins with an
accurate diagnosis, "sound planning depends on a valid com
munity diagnosis. " •
26
THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN
1970-71
APFME
Scholarship
Winners
John Antkowiak, '71
Cheektowaga, N.Y.
Canisius College
James Budny, '74
Buffalo, N.Y.
Canisius College
Yung-Cheung Chan, '73
Kowloon, Hong Kong
Hobart College
Thomas Lawley, '72
Buffalo, N.Y.
Canisius College
Diane Matuszak, '74
Buffalo, N.Y.
Canisius College
Sarah Moore, '73
Auburn, N.Y.
Douglass College
William Murray, '72
Eggertsville, N.Y.
SUNYAB
Ten Students
Receive $8,600
from Annual
Participating
Fund for
Medical Education
Guido Napolitano, '74
Mt. Vernon, N.Y.
Fordham University
SUMMER, 1971
Timothy Nostrant, '73
West Seneca, N.Y.
University of Rochester
27
Donald Storm, '71
Cheektowaga, N.Y.
SUNYAB
Mr. Miller shows a powered hand-splint
to Dr. Walsh, Congressman Jack Kemp,
and Mr. Steffan.
Laboratory
Advisory
Board
An 18-man advisory board of civic, educational, business and
medical leaders was named in January to guide the Rehabilita
tion Medicine Engineering Laboratory at the School of Medicine.
The announcement was made by Mr. J. Sam Miller and Dr. Wil
liam P. Walsh, director and medical director, respectively, of
the new laboratory.
The purpose of the new laboratory, according to Mr. Miller,
is to apply modern research technology in the development and
production of new instruments for rehabilitation medicine. The
engineering activities are conducted at the Bell Plant, a campus
annex located at 2050 Elmwood Avenue. The clinical evaluations
are performed at the Rehabilitation Medicine Department of the
E.J. Meyer Memorial Hospital. As the laboratory develops it will
provide employment for the handicapped and disadvantaged in the
area's sheltered workshops. It will also be a practical setting for
training students in the various rehabilitation fields. Since June
1, the laboratory has been operating with local grant funds from
the University of Buffalo Foundation, Inc., and Federal Grant
funds through the rehabilitation medicine division of the Medical
School.
The chairman of the new advisory board, elected at a recent
meeting, is Mr. Walter J. Steffan, a leader in area charitable and
higher education groups. All members serve on a volunteer basis.
They are: James G. Dyett, Chairman of the Hard Company; Har
old Farber, Chairman and President of the International Life In
surance Company; Robert B. Fleming, State University at Buffalo
Advocate; Charles F. Light, Executive Vice President, Buffalo
Area Chamber of Commerce; William Moog, President, Moog,
Inc.; Joseph R. O'Connor, M.D., Acting Director, Department of
Rehabilitation Medicine, E.J. Meyer Memorial Hospital; Albert C.
Rekate,M.D., Director, E.J. Meyer MemorialHospital; Ira G. Ross,
Erie County Economic Coordinator; Cora G. Saltarelli, Ph.D.,
Director, Bioengineering Department, Roswell Park Memorial
Institute; Edgar J. Schiller, Executive Director, Niagara Frontier
Vocational Rehabilitation Center, Inc.; Paul A. Schoellkopf, Jr.,
Chairman of the Board, Niagara Share Corporation; Mayor Frank
A. Sedita; Mrs. Walter J. Steffan, a leader in area charitable and
civic groups; Charles E. Stewart, Executive Director, The Buffalo
Foundation; James Sweet, Executive Director, Buffalo Goodwill
Industries, Inc.; Nicholas D. Trbovich, Chairman and President,
Servotronics, Inc.; County Executive B. John Tutuska.D
28
THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN
Chemical Solution to End Pregnancies
One of the leading researchers in chemical methods of popu
lation control is Dr. Om P. Bahl, associate professor of bio
chemistry at the University. His research, if successful, will
enable a woman to end an unwanted pregnancy by drinking a
solution containing a nontoxic chemical.
Dr. Bahl is a native of India. After receiving his doctorate
at the University of Minnesota and doing post-graduate work at
the University of California at Los Angeles, he began doing
research on the hormone Human Chorionic Gonadotropin or
"HCG." Dr. Bahl came to the University in December 1, 1965.
HCG is found in the urine of pregnant women, and also persons
having a type of stomach cancer that can resemble pregnancy.
After three years as a Dernham Fellow of the American Cancer
Society, Dr. Bahl shifted his emphasis to HCG's actions during
pregnancy.
"I was interested in human beings, and it came down to
deciding whether to work among them on social problems
directly affecting them, or working on problems such as disease
or population control which affect a great many of them," Dr.
Bahl said.
His first $50,000 three-year grant from the United States
Public Health Service was given "rather reluctantly, I think,
because the project was so complex. But we made unusually
rapid progress, so the next grant was given more readily." The
first grant covered only equipment, materials and salary of one
post-doctoral fellow, so Dr. Bahl did most of the technician's
duties himself. The second grant is much larger and provides for
the salaries of one technician and two post-doctoral fellows, Dr.
N. Swaminathon and Dr. K. L. Matta. Dr. Bahl spends about
12 hours a day at the University, and when he isn't teaching his
graduate course in the Medical School, he is in his lab.
"College teaching may be thought of as glamorous, but in
the sciences it definitely is not. A scientist doesn't want to see
his life wasted. He wants to leave behind something that will
benefit mankind. Even if we never do isolate the agent that will
chemically terminate pregnancy, our contribution to the under
standing of reproduction still will be of value," Dr. Bahl said.
The scientist-researcher-teacher will speak at several symposia
during the year including an international meeting in Belgium in
September.•
SUMMER, 1971
29
Alumni Association
Cocktail Party
for Alumni, Faculty, Friends
during the
AMERICAN MEDICAL
ASSOCIATION CONVENTION
Monday, June 21, 1971
5:30 to 7 p.m. at the
Chalfonte-Haddon Hall
Atlantic City
Host: Mr. David Michael,
Director of
Medical Alumni Affairs
Research Team Creates
Synthesis of Living Cell
A RESEARCH TEAM at the University has
RESEARCH TEAM -Dr. James F.
Danielli, left, poses with members of
the research team who successfully syn
thesized living cells from components.
With Danielli, left to right, are Dr.
Charles R. Ault. Dr. I. Joan Lorch,
Mrs. Eleanor Sattler and Mrs. Lor
raine Powers. Not shown are Dr. Kwang
J eon. and technicians Mrs. Kathy Col
lins and Mrs. Eu nice Mashimo.
successfully reassembled
a living and reproducing one-celled organism from isolated com
ponents, but described a stumbling block in assumbling such or
ganisms from unrelated species. Dr. James F. Danielli, director
of the Center for Theoretical Biology at the University, Dr. I.
Joan Lorch, Dr. Kwang W. Jeon, and Dr. Charles R. Ault, de
scribed at a news conference December 7 how the team used
microsurgery to dismantle amoebae and then reconstitute the or
ganisms.
First the nucleus was removed by means of a microprobe. Sec
ondly the cytoplasm was withdrawn with a tiny pipette or by
centrifuge. Finally the cell membrane was refilled with cyto
plasm and a nucleus inserted, the cytoplasm and nucleus being
from one or more different cells. In experiments with more than
700 such syntheses, the scientists found that while 85 per cent
of the amoebae lived normally when the same strain or the or
ganism was involved, components from unrelated strains contained
a "lethal factor" which allowed only about 35 per cent of such
reassembled cells to divide and less than one per cent continue
to reproduce indefinitely.
The "lethal factors" discovered by Drs. Kwang Jeon and Joan
Lorch "are present in many strains," explained Dr. Danielli, and
have the peculiarity of being quite harmless to the cells in which
they are synthesized or to closely related cells. But when they
are injected into dissimilar cells, cell death results. "To get a
higher proportion of successful reassemblies using distantlyrelated components, we must know how much 'lethal factor' is
in a cytoplasm, and then find out how it can be 'outwitted' ",
he continued. The scientists here found that the amount of "le
thal factor" is roughly ten lethal doses in the average cytoplasm.
In a paper presented at the news conference, Drs. Lorch and
Jeon (who is presently at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville),
said "the results of our studies so far show that the lethal factor
from one strain inhibits the synthesis of ribonucleic acids in the
other strains of amoebae, and this results in the failure of these
cells to divide and eventual cell death." When the lethal factor
is active, they indicated, its action is to prevent formation of
RNA. "One remarkable finding," they continued, "is that the le
thal factor of amoeba is active not only against other strains
of amoebae but also against two strains of mouse cells cultured
in the laboratory. Thus it appears that the lethal factor has a
further significance. It seems essential," they said, "for us to
remove the lethal factors or overcome their actions before we can
bring together components of different amoebae into a living cell.
Our preliminary results show that this can be done."
30
THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN
Dr. Danielli said the team is encouraged by the results ob
tained by other scientists using cell fusion techniques, when the
cells from higher animals and plants have been brought together
and fuse to give new cells having characteristics of both species.
"It is our present belief that, within limits, cell components
from widely different sources are compatible," he concluded,
"and when marked incompatibility is observed, it is usually due
to a special mechanism, which has evolved to prevent genes on
one species (from) setting up home in a second species and
thereby threatening the integrity and success of the second
species."
What do the successful experiments with cell reassembly mean?
Dr. Danielli thinks that now "new cells canbe built containing
a variety of components." For example, a defective component
might be built into a new cell to find out why the damaged
component is unsatisfactory. Or, scientists can now study the
assembly of cells which would be theoretically capable of living
on Mars, where the environment for life is considerably different
from Earth's.
Furthermore, the question of what is essential for life — a
question which must be answered if we are to conduct a search
for life on other planets — can now be studied outside the
realm of theory, and explains the great interest the National
Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has had in the
research.
Dr. Danielli predicted that over the next five years man can
expect to see the artificial assembly of cells "from the most
varied sources, including plant-animal mixes; the artificial as
sembly of egg cells; the synthesis of new organisms by cell
fusion; and of course a continuation of the formation of new
organisms by the classical techniques of breeding and genetics."
He also expects to see "a considerable effort to synthesize
new genes, and to incorporate these genes into chromosomes or
other cellular organelles."
The Welsh-born biologist did talk about some of the possi
bilities cell synthesis has for the betterment of mankind. He
said that improvement of nitrogen-fixing plants, and the transfer
of nitrogen fixation to food plants "should have high priority."
Other possibilities being considered at the Center for Theoretical
Biology are:
—The development of new crops for semi-arid areas.
—The development of special organisms for environmental
control, e.g. for desalination of water (converting ocean water
to drinking water), and for more efficient treatment of sewage.
—Partial replacement of present methods of chemical engi
neering with biological synthesis using tailor-made organisms.
Biological synthesis has the advantage of being seldom toxic
which can be contrasted with present-day chemical plants. Also,
biological synthesis is usually much more efficient than standard
industrial chemistry.
—The transfer of the capacity to synthesize human antibody
and human hormones to microorganisms. Synthesizing hormones
and antibodies in such a way would be inexpensive, and thus
"immensely extend the resources of clinical medicine," ex
plained Dr. Danielli.
SUMMER, 1971
31
Dr. Danielli says:
"The age of biological synthesis
is upon us.
"Within a century we will
probably be able to synthesize
artificially any biological system
or entity. These could range from
viruses and bacteria to entire
social systems. Some of these
achievements could come within
a few years.
"I have been working on the
problem (synthesis of a living
cell) for at least 25 years. Four
years ago, I had come 80percent
of the way. No one seems to
realize how fast we are moving.
We've seen the first synthesis
of a gene, the first synthesis of
a virus, and recently the first
reassembly of a living cell. In
biology, we are moving from an
age of analysis into an age of
synthesis.
"Our efforts must now be
turned to the synthesis of a chro
mosome and creation of actual
egg cells among other things.
"We owe a particular debt
to Dr. Ernest Pollard of the
Biophysics Department at Penn
sylvania State University (and
chairman of the External Advi
sory Committee of the Center for
Theoretical Biology) whose en
ergetic exploration of the field ov
er the last eight years has been
an inspiration."•
—The development of new life forms for other plants, which
"may vastly extend the value of these planets," in Dr. Danielli's
view. NASA has a keen interest in such work. "Thus one can
say without hesitation that immense benefits will ensue from the
artificial synthesis of new life forms," Dr. Danielli remarked.
What about ethical implications? Dr. Danielli and Dr. Robert
Rosen, assistant director of the Center for Theoretical Biology,
view the synthesis of new organisms in the same context as
"older methods of hybridization and selective breeding," in
volving "no really new ethical principles." They said that "care
must be taken to discover any undesirable or harmful new pro
perties" in synthesized organisms, and the effect on existing
ecological conditions must be assessed before introducing these
organisms into the environment at large. These considerations
are essentially of a technical nature."
While both scientists agreed that "with appropriate care,"
there is no reason why new species should not be of scientific
and material benefit to the world, they did see the possibility
of the development of "bad things," and the possibility that
pathogenic (bad) organisms "may arise by accident." They sug
gested a special group be established by an organization such
as the National Academy of Sciences or the National Science
Foundation, which would "keep watch on this situation" and
"be able to advise research workers in this field of the steps
that should be taken to protect the community against risk."
The project is funded through the National Aeronautics and
Space Administration and the State University of New York.D
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A new surgical technique has enabled 34 infants to undergo operations at Children's Hospital to correct congenital heart defects
during the last year. That is what Dr. S. Subramanian, the
hospital's chief of surgery, told the Heart Association of Western
New York recently. He is also a clinical associate professor of
surgery at the Medical School.
The technique, pioneered in Japan, involves cooling the body
with ice to 68 degrees to halt circulation for an hour to surgically
correct transposition of the two great arteries of the heart, ac
cording to Dr. Subramanian. Among the infants operated on was
a two-month-old, the youngest to undergo the operation on this
continent. The operation will be performed on even younger
babies, he said. "The results will be better because as babies
with this defect get older, they get sicker. Buffalo and Seattle
are the two places in America where this procedure is being
used in numbers," he said.
Heart fund contributions for research are greatly needed to
counterbalance a reduction in federal funds, Dr. Subramanian
said. "This past year it was a tragedy that we didn't have the
funds to finance all the worthwhile programs. Perhaps in the
next 10 years we will have the answer to rejection in heart
transplants. "•
32
THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN
Physicians May Benefit from 3-D Process
Techniques for determining the three-dimensional structure of an
object from a number of different two-dimensional views have
been developed at the Center for Theoretical Biology at the Uni
versity. This will enable a physician or surgeon to obtain threedimensional or stereoscopic view of the interior of a patient —
views which could prove much more helpful than the usual flat
views in diagnosing illness.
This new method is called ART, for "Algebraic Reconstruc
tion Techniques." ART is a method by which the three-dimen
sional structure of an object is determined by applying a system
of equations to a small number of flat views (approximately 10]
of the object. The various views are photographed from several
known angles by tilting the specimen carrier in the microscope.
The scientists — Dr. Richard Gordon, Dr. Gabor T. Herman
and Robert Bender — said they are now able to "obtain threedimensional views of any object which may be resolved by
whatever imaging system is appropriate, in the case of biological
ultrastructure, the electron microscope."
Dr. James F. Danielli, director of the center said, "the struc
ture of many minute parts of cells whose structure cannot be
readily determined by previous techniques of electromicroscopy,
can now be discerned with some accuracy, so that accurate
three-dimensional models of these components can be obtained."
The techniques may also give scientists a better picture of
what viruses look like and the points at which antibodies manu
factured to fight them hook onto them. This will facilitate classi
fication and identification of viruses, Dr. Danielli predicted, and
open up a new area of study which may be called "immunomorphology."
The Center is the only institution of its kind in the world.
It got its start in 1962 when Dr. Daniel H. Murray — then head of
the School of Pharmacy, now acting vice president for academic
affairs — persuaded Dr. Danielli to leave England and come
to the University. He came to Buffalo from King's College,
London where he was professor of zoology and chairman of the
department. The basic aim of the Center in Dr. Danielli's words,
"is to reach a thorough understanding of the nature of living
systems. As this understanding develops it becomes possible to
relate hitherto isolated facts, to make predictions, and to de
velop applications in specific fields of social interest."
A 20-member team headed by Dr. Danielli may team up with
NASA to seed new life forms transforming lifeless and hostile
planets into places useful to man. NASA announced in November
that it is considering "planetary or cellular" engineering, the
tailor-made creation of new life forms to be placed on Mars and
other planets provided it can be established that more good
than harm would result. Before Mars would be seeded with arti
ficial life, it must first be explored to rule out the possibility
that life already exists.•
SUMMER, 1971
33
NEW ART — Robert Bender, Dr.
Richard Gordon and Dr. Gabor Her
man (left to right) pose near some of
the equipment used in their art —
" 'Algebraic Reconstruction Techniques
of determining the three-dimensional
structure of objects. An Optronics In
ternational high-speed scanning microdensitometer is in foreground. In the
background is a contoured computer
printout of some electron photomicro
graphs of ribosomes, a printout of data
produced from the densitrometer.
|- \ |
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New York Lllv
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Keception
, r
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Ol
Mu^cu lar Dv^trOjlllV
A total of 45 alumni, faculty, wives and guests attended the
Medical Society of the State of New York cocktail party on
February 15, in New York City. Mr. David K. Michael, Director
of Medical Alumni Affairs, hosted the cocktail party.
Attending the party at the Americana Hotel that evening were:
Doctors Jack Milowsky, M'39, Buffalo; Louis Cloutier, M'54,
Buffalo; William Staubitz, M'42, Buffalo; Walter Walls, M'31,
Buffalo; Theodore and Mrs. Jewett, M'45, Buffalo; Thomas Cot
ton, M'39, Buffalo; Paul A. and Mrs. Burgeson, M'36, Warsaw,
New York; Donald and Mrs. Hall, M'41, Buffalo; George and Mrs.
Collins, M'48, Buffalo; Garra Lester, M'29, Chautauqua; Benjamin
and Mrs. Gilson, M'38, Brooklyn; Edward Rozek, M'41, Buffalo;
Irwin Felsen, M'39, Allegany; Charles and Mrs. Bauda, M'42,
Buffalo; John N. Constantine, M'34, Oneonta, New York; Ken
neth H. Eckhert, M'35, Buffalo; Max and Mrs. Cheplove, M'26,
Buffalo; James and Mrs. Nunn, M'55, Buffalo; William Stein,
M'50, Lockport, New York; Jane Wiles, M'45, Buffalo; Charles
Wiles, M'45, Buffalo; Arthur and Mrs. DeAngelis, M'69, Buffalo;
Rose Lenahan, M'37, Buffalo; Daniel Fisher, M'24, Clarence
Center, New York; Alfred George, M'34, Batavia, New York;
Anthony J. and Mrs. Federico (faculty], Buffalo; Andrew and Mrs.
Gage, M'44, Buffalo; Mitchell and Mrs. Oestreich (faculty),
Buffalo; John A. Winter (faculty), Buffalo; James and Mrs. Phil
lips, M'47, Buffalo; and Mr. Joseph Manno, (student '70), Buf
falo.•
The nickels, dimes and dollars which thousands of Western
New York children and adults have contributed to the Niagara
Frontier Chapter of the Muscular Dystrophy Association of
America through Kiddy Carnivals, telethons, and house-to-house
marches has been channeled into needed research into the muscle
disease which afflicts children.
A grant of $12,000 was presented by chapter President Edward
R. Leiser to Dr. Morris Reichlin, associate professor of medicine
and research, associate professor of biochemistry at the medical
school. Dr. Reichlin will use the funds for equipment and per
sonnel to evaluate the quality of myoglobin in diseased and nor
mal muscles and also to study the rate of muscle destruction.
Myoglobin, a protein, binds oxygen to muscle tissue in much the
same manner that hemoglobin carries oxygen in the blood.
In 1970 and 1971, the Niagara Frontier Chapter of the Mus
cular Dystrophy Association of America gave $20,000 to Dr.
E. A. Barnard, professor and chairman of biochemistry. Dr.
Barnard used these funds to study the presence of enzymes
known as the cholinesterases in the dystrophic muscles of
chickens. Buffalo thus has become one of seven cities of the
world where medical research is making progress against the
dread child killer, muscular dystrophy. Other research centers
are in New York, London, Tokyo, Padua, Italy, Paris and
Los Angeles.•
34
THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN
J. HE REGIONAL MEDICAL PROGRAM may soon move into new
fields. That was the prediction of Dr. Harold Margulies, director
of the Regional Medical Programs in the department of Health, Ed
ucation & Welfare. He envisions the Regional Medical Programs
of the future as being more concerned with the over-all quality of
health care in their respective areas. He does not see them ren
dering such care but working with consumers and providers of
care to assure the best possible allocation of limited numbers
of professionals and tight dollars.
"Regional Medical Programs are a new kind of social insti
tution. They provide technical and financial support to private
agencies and are in a unique position to serve as a bargainer in
improving health care delivery," Dr. Margulies said. "Heart,
Cancer and Stroke are major killers, but the individual whose life
is threatened by some other disease is just as entitled to con
cern." When Dr. Margulies visited the Western New York oper
ation last fall he said, "Regional Medical Programs are a sort
of political-social instrument in which there is a working rela
tionship between the Federal structure and a private system that
permits the latter to work comfortably in producing progressive
changes in the health care system of which it is a part, and to
do it entirely on an autonomous self-directed basis with Federal
funds and Federal cooperation. The concept of Regional Medical
Programs is being looked at as a possible pattern for accom
plishing decentralization at both the Federal and state levels. My
thesis has been that the concept of a community trusteeship is
the most viable element in our society, and Government must
be willing to deal on a local basis with issues that can be iden
tified and corrected locally. My responsibility is to make it
possible for that to happen. I believe we should move away from
Federally directed activities and towards really autonomous re
sponsibilities on the part of the Regional Medical Programs."•
wLJm i
Dr. Margulies
RMP Plots
New Course
C.C. Furnas Scholarship
Mr. James Webber, a medical student, is one of six seniors to
receive the C.C. Furnas Scholarship for the 1971-72 academic
year. Webber, the first Furnas Scholar in 1968, received a
$3,000 stipend for medical studies at the University. He holds
a masters in physiology from the University. As an undergrad
uate Webber was a member of the intercollegiate football and
track teams for two years. In his senior year he received three
awards for his athletic and academic accomplishments.
The Furnas Scholarships were established by the late chancel
lor and president in 1965. Dr. Furnas' original gift for the fund
was augmented by $100,000 subscribed by alumni and friends in
a special campaign at the time of his retirement. The fund, ad
ministered by the University at the Buffalo Foundation, Inc.,
honors Furnas' "long and devoted service" to the University.•
SUMMER, 1971
35
Mr. Webber
Family
Planning
J
DID WE INITIATE MALTHUS Students for Population Study,
^HY
last summer
s
at the Medical School? "We, as medical students,
believe that family planning must be an integral part of our future
medical practice," Lester Lifton, society president and a junior
medical student, replied. "No matter what each of us specializes
in, we must be able to provide information and advice to our
patients as well as to the community on family planning." As
a national trustee for SAMA, the student AMA group, he has
also been active in its subcommittee on population explosion.
With the impetus of an enthusiastic freshmen class, an active
group of 20 medical students plus one student nurse, Lifton
stood ready to personally "do something," that was not political
ly motivated.
A survey of obstetric and gynecology departments at medical
schools revealed that while many did offer a course on family
planning as part of their curriculum, there was little if any student
activity. "Why should more care be given the 70-year-old cor
onary patient than the 17-year-old-girl who wants contraceptives?"
Incorporation, the group found, would permit them to file
federal grant applications on several projects they had planned
and needed funding. Under their corporate name, Center for
Advancement of Population Studies in Medicine, they applied for
funds to cover an eight-week summer program. In cooperation
with Planned Parenthood World Population, 30 medical students
will work in planned parenthood clinics across the country.
Also a survey of physicians and medical students in Erie County
was made to determine their attitudes on the role of physicians
in handling problems on family planning and population. An in
formation service specifically geared to medical students to
furnish them with the latest information on contraceptives and
family was collected by the summer program participatees.
Counseling" at a hospital are Bruce and Wayne Middendorf, Jockular Ford, Guido Napolitano and Wayne Glazier.
Now in the working stage of the society is a pamphlet on the
various aspects of conception, contraception, and abortion,
community facilities available to them, names, clinics, hours,
etc. It will be distributed this spring to all university under
graduate students and to all freshmen in the fall. "We are trying
to get the University to do more," Liftonsaid. "We feel students
should have information available to them."
There is but one course on population and family planning
at the University and that is limited to 40. It is taught by Dr.
Jack Lippes, associate professor of gynecology and obstetrics,
medical director of Planned Parenthood and who, as advisor to
Mathus and the center, has been so enthusiastic and of great
help to them. But the society feels that one course is just not
enough. They are working on a course to be included this fall
as part of the medical curriculum. And an eight-week extra curricular sex education course that they offered on Wednesday
evenings last fall has ended. They hope to repeat this course,
that attracted over 60 medical students, this spring. And there is
also a seminar on population growth at the national SAMA
meeting schedule in May in St. Louis which they will offer.
The Center, student organized and administered, has a nation
wide Advisory Committee of experts in the field of family plan
ning and population growth. Its national offices in Buffalo, are
adjacent to the medical school.
But they strongly feel that information must also filter out into
the community as well. Another program on which they are
working calls for medical students to counsel mothers in hos
pitals following delivery on the availability of birth control
information. "Although there seems to be much literature around,
it is not getting to every woman who should have an opportunity
to know what is available so that she can make up her own
mind about how many children she wants and when she wants
them," Lifton said.
Other officers — Treasurer Craig Traugott, Vice presidents
Daniel Botsford, Marianne Goodman, Bruce and Wayne Middendorf, James Pietraszek, Michael Sdao, and Sandra Schneider, a
nursing student.•
The Buffalo Veterans Administration Hospital has a $17 million
budget approved for fiscal 1972 which begins July 1. This is an
increase of more than $500,000 in operating funds for new
programs (intensive care, drug abuse treatment, hemodialysis
center) for patients, according to Mr. Eugene E. Speer Jr., hos
pital director.
This hospital is one of five affiliated with the Medical School.
It has 951 beds, 25 full-time physicians, 35 part-timers, 37 medi
cal residents, 162 full-time nurses and 59 on part-time, and more
than 200 consultants. Buffalo, like most, if not all of the 166 VA
hospitals throughout the country still has to cope with a chronic
shortage of staff members, particularly full-time physicians.•
SUMMER, 1971
37
New Programs
at VA Hospital
Dr. Samuel Sanes, seated, receives
congratulations from Louis N. Bunis,
center, past president of the United
Jewish Federation, and Dr. Max Cheplove, M'26, chairman of the dinner
honoring Dr. Sanes.
Buffalo Evening News
Dr. Sanes Honored
A. pathology professor, who has been on the faculty for 35
years was honored in March by the United Jewish Fund. For
Dr. Samuel Sanes it was his "second" retirement, 10 years
after the first. He first retired in 1961 when he gave up his every
day practice to devote full time to teaching. Dr. Sanes has been
teaching medical students ever since his graduation from the UB
Medical School in 1930. He will retire June 30. From 1954 to
1966 he was also professor and head of the Department of
Legal Medicine.
Dr. Sanes was founder and president of the Erie County
Chapter, American Cancer Society, and served as president of
the state society. From 1956-58 he was president of the Jewish
Center of Buffalo, a member of the National Jewish Welfare
Board, the United Jewish Fund Board of Governors, and the
Anti-Defamation League Executive Committee. In 1953 Dr. Sanes
was named an outstanding citizen by The Buffalo Evening
News.n
38
THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN
The Classes of the 1920's
Dr. Julian F. Johnston, M'21, of 21 Van
Doren Avenue, Chatham, New Jersey, is a
general practitioner and has an emergency
room position at Overlook Hospital, Summit,
New Jersey.•
Dr. Caryl A. Koch, M'23, is the school
physician of Orchard Park Central School. He
was also past president of the Lions Club,
named legionaire "Citizen of the Year" in
1970, and is president of the Ismailia Temple
Medical Unit. His address is 6435 W. Quaker
Street, Orchard Park, New York.D
Dr. Daniel C. Fisher, M'24, was honored
March 5 by the Clarence Rotary Club and
the Clarence Citizens Council. The 74-yearold physician has been a life-time resident of
this Western New York town. For 12 years
he was president of the Erie County Health
Advisory Board, and from 1928 to 1950 Dr.
Fisher was town health officer. He was
health officer of the Clarence Central School
District for 40 years, and chaired the Clarence
Planning Board for 20 years. He was the
first president of the Clarence Historical So
ciety. Dr. Fisher is immediate past president
of the New York State Association of School
physicians and past president of the Medical
History Society of Western New York. He
was president of the Board of Directors of
Clarence's Sesquicentennial in 1958 and a
member of the Board of Directors of the
Amherst-Clarence Hospital Association.•
Dr. Raymond J. Rickloff, M'28, lives at
2534 South Tracy Drive, Erie, Pennsylvania
and specializes in dermatology. A captain in
the Medical Corps of the Army from 194244, he was past president of the Erie County
Medical Society, consultant for the Erie Vet
erans Administration Hospital, past president
of Hamat Hospital, and St. Vincent and Zem
Zem Hospitals.•
SUMMER, 1971
Dr. Walter Scott Walls, M'31, outgoing
President of the 27,000-member Medical So
ciety of the State of New York addresses
policy-making House of Delegates of this So
ciety at its 165th annual convention, Ameri
cana Hotel, New York City, February 14-18.
The Classes of the 1930's
Dr. Ronald W. Steube, M'32, of Fond du
Lac, Wisconsin, is Director of the Pathology
Department of the Nursing School at St.
Agnes Hospital. He retired April 1, and
will move to 540 Port Side Drive, Naples,
Florida.•
The Classes of the 1940's
Dr. Peter G. Brandetsas, M'43, a general
surgeon, is at regional office, Veterans Ad
ministration, Roanoke, Virginia. A Fellow of
the American College of Surgeons, and Diplomate, American Board of Surgery, he ap
peared in Who's Who in America (1960). He
has published extensively and was a Lt.
Colonel, M.C. and former director of medical
services, U.S.A.R.D
Dr. Frank L. Tabrah, M'43, a pediatrician,
is associate professor in clinical pharmacology
at the University of Hawaii. The co-author
of numerous publications, he lives in Kapaau,
Hawaii (P.O. Box 308).•
Dr. M. E. Hodes, M'47, of 648 Edgemere
Drive, Indianapolis, Indiana, is a professor of
medicine and biochemistry at Indiana Uni
versity.•
39
The Classes of the 1950's
Dr. Eugene M. Teich, M'51, a cardiologist,
lives at 275 Southdown Road, Huntington,
New York. He is a Fellow, American Col
lege of Physicians; and Associate Fellow of
American College of Cardiology. He is author
of "Afebrile Bacterial Endocarditis" which
appeared in the JOURNAL, Mt. Sinai Hos
pital [November, 1969).•
Dr. Herbert W. Simpkins, M'53, is a gen
eral practitioner in Irvington, New Jersey. His
home is at 380 Elmwood Avenue, Maplewood, New Jersey.•
Dr. Ernest H. Meese, M'54, a thoracic
and cardiovascular surgeon, lives at 174 Pedrett Road in Cincinnati, Ohio. He is cur
rently Head of Open Heart Surgery Team at
Good Samaritan Hospital, Cincinnati. As Com
mander and Chief of thoracic surgery at
Naval Hospital in Portsmouth, Virginia, he
completed six years in 1965. He is secretary
of board, and chairman of the service com
mittee of Cincinnati-Hamilton County Unit,
American Cancer Society. He is a Fellow of
American College of Surgeons; Fellow of
American College of Cardiology; Fellow of
American College of Chest Physicians; Fellow
of American College of Angiology.D
Dr. Leonard R. Schaer, M'55, is chief of
nuclear medicine at Kaiser Foundation Hos
pital, Walnut Creek, California. He participated
in the clinical development of the Scintillation
Camera (Anger Camera) while a full time re
search associate at University of California
at Berkeley's Donner Laboratory. He is a
Fellow of American College of Physicians, a
member of the Society of Nuclear Medicine
and the American Society of Hematology. Dr.
Schaer lives at 107 Post Road, Walnut Creek,
California.•
Dr. Bernard S. Shapiro, M'57, was Chief
Surgical Service at Station Hospital, Quonset
Point, Rhode Island from 1962-64. He was
discharged as Lieutenant Commander, USNR.
He is at present attending surgeon at Griffin
Hospital in Derby, Connecticut, a physicianin
Yale-New Haven Hospital's out patient de
partment and consultant in general surgery at
Laurel Heights Hospital in Shelton, Connecti
cut. He is a Fellow, American College of
Surgeons and has published extensively.•
40
Dr. Herbert Silver, M'57, is an assistant
professor of pathology at the University of
Connecticut School of Medicine, Hartford. He
has been Director of the Blood Bank and Immunohematology at Hartford Hospital since
July 1970. He has published extensively —
TRANSFUSION (Nov.-Dec. 1970); AMERI
CAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY
(April 1971); BRITISH JOURNAL OF MEDI
CAL TECHNOLOGY (April 1971) being the
most recent. Dr. Silver lives at 32 Beacon
Hill Drive, West Hartford, Connecticut.•
Dr. Ronald W. Byledbal, M'58, is a psy
chiatrist in Santa Rosa, California. His home
is at 3031 Terra Linda Drive, Santa Rosa.D
Dr. Morton Spivack, M'58, a hematologist, is assistant professor in Medicine at the
Albert Einstein College of Medicine. He is
also a member of the Board of Examiners,
New York City Department of Health since
1968. Co-author of numerous publications,
he lives at 620 West 239th Street, Bronx,
New York.D
Dr. Richard H. Musgnug, M'59, a derma
tologist, is on the staff at Thomas Jefferson
Medical College and Temple University Sci
ences Center in New Jersey. He is Chief of
the department of dermatology at The Cooper
Hospital, Camden, New Jersey and chairman
of the hospital's medical division. His address
is 65 Onondago Trail, Medford Lakes, New
Jersey.•
Dr. Robert H. Wilbee, M'59, who was
associate director at E.J. Meyer Memorial Hos
pital, resigned that position in February. He
announced that he will return to private prac
tice in surgery. He has left Buffalo for a
"strictly non-administrative position" with a
small community hospital opening in Las Cruces, New Mexico in June, 1971. Dr. Wilbee
was formerly assistant dean at the UB School
of Medicine in the area of student and aca
demic affairs. He is a Fellow of the American
College of Surgeons and a Diplomate of the
American Board of Surgery.•
THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN
The Classes of the 1960's
Dr. Edwin R. Lamm, M'60, a general surg
eon, is clinical instructor in surgery at George
Washington University. He lives at 2702 Largo
Place, Bowie, Maryland and is a Diplomate
of the American Board of Surgery. He is
President of the Belair at Bowie Medical/
Dental Association and alternate delegate to
the Medical-Chirurgical Society of Maryland.•
of Missouri and published numerous papers
on the intrarenal regulation of sodium execretion while there. He is a member of the
American and International Societies of Neph
rology, the American Physiological Society,
the American Association for the Advance
ment of Science and the American Federation
of Clinical Research. Dr. Knox lives at 2249
Nordic Court, Rochester, Minnesota. •
Dr. Martin S. Wayne, M'60, a psychia
trist who lives at 814 Sleepy Hollow Road
in Briarcliff, New York gave up his fulltime
position as clinical director at Mount Vernon
Mental Health Clinic in March 1970 to head
a center in Yonkers, New York for adoles
cents unable to learn in normal schools. Dr.
Wayne has spoken on drug addiction in adol
escents and psychiatry in Vietnam to the
Tarrytown area residents. He became board
certified in psychiatry in 1969.•
Dr. Michael I. Weintraub, M'66, a neuro
logist, is on the staff at Boston University
School of Medicine, and recently entered the
U.S. Navy as staff neurologist at Boston
Naval Hospital, Chelsea, Massachusetts. In
1969-70, Dr. Weintraub completed his neuro
logy residency training at Yale, New Haven
Medical Center and was appointed chief
resident in neurology at Yale University. He
has published extensively and lives at 31 Risley Road, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts.•
Dr. Rae R. Jacobs, M'62, is chief residentorthopedics, at the Medical College of Georg
ia. A member of the Association for Advance
ment of Medical Instrumentation, she has
published numerous articles and has several
in press. Dr. Jacobs lives at 3208 Sylvan
Court, Augusta, Georgia.•
Dr. Jacob S. Kriteman, M'67, is in the
U.S. Air Force at the USAF Hospital Griffiss, Griffiss AFB, New York. He is a candi
date for the American Academy of Pediatrics
and lives at 2412-B Snark Street at Griffiss
AFB.G
Dr. Robert A. Klocke, M'62, is an as
sistant professor of Medicine at UB. He lives
at 190 Cottonwood Drive in Williamsville.D
Dr. Albert J. Maggioli, M'63, left the
U.S. Army in September, 1970. He is now
associated in pediatric practice with Dr. Sher
man Woldman, M'57, in Buffalo. Dr. Mag
gioli lives at 288 Robinhill Drive in Williamsville.D
Dr. Arthur C. Sosis, M'67, is a first year
resident in dermatology at the Skin and
Cancer Hospital of Philadelphia, Temple Uni
versity Health Sciences Center in Philadel
phia. He served two years in the U.S. Air
Force as a general medical officer, before
starting a three-year residence in dermatology
at Temple University. Dr. Sosis lives at 7901
Henry Avenue, Apartment B-110, Philadel
phia, Pennsylvania.•
Dr. Paul Sussman, M'64, an internist
specializing in rheumatology lives at 14033
Sherman Way, Van Nuys, California. He
recently qualified by American Board of
Internal Medicine.•
Dr. Barry S. Shultz, M'68, who lives at
5385 Wyngate Drive, Norfolk, Virginia, will
begin his urology residency in July, 1972.•
Dr. Franklyn G. Knox, M'65, is a renal
physiologist, and associate professor at the
Mayo Graduate School of the University of
Minnesota. He had previously been in the
Department of Physiology at the University
Dr. David H. Atkin, M'69, a resident in
anesthesiology at Albert Einstein College of
Medicine, lives at 99 Shore View Drive,
Yonkers, N.Y.D
SUMMER, 1971
41
ople
Two faculty members are on standing
committees of the American College of Sur
geons. Dr. J. Edwin Alford, clinical associate
professor of surgery, is chairman of the
proctology committee, and Dr. Richard H.
Adler, professor of surgery, is a member of
the New York (Upstate) advisory committee.•
Dr. John H. Talbott is the author of "A
Biographical History of Medicine." In re
viewing the book Dr. Morris Fishbein said,
"it is different from any of the other works
in this field. It is not a book of reference
and it is far more than a textbook in the
history of medicine. It is a book for ex
ploratory browsing, and for the enjoyment of
those readers who particularly enjoy bio
graphical works." From 1946-59, Dr. Talbott
was professor of medicine at the Medical
School and chief of medicine at the Buffalo
General Hospital. He is now editor emeritus
of the Journal of the American Medical As
sociation. Dr. Talbott gave the Stockton Kim
ball Lecture in 1965 at Spring Clinical Days.D
Three alumni are new officers in the
Western New York Heart Association. Dr.
Joseph Zizzi, M'58, is the new president, and
Dr. Victor L. Pellicano, M'36, of Niagara
Falls is the new vice president. Dr. Francis
J. Klocke, M'60, is secretary. The immediate
past president is Dr. Andrew Gage, M'44.D
Dr. Theodore C. Krauss, clinical assistant
professor of medicine, is chairman of the
committee on aging, research and planning
for community services. He is also chairman
of the Erie County White House Conference
on Aging.•
An assistant clinical professor of medicine,
Dr. John K. Dustin, was re-elected President
of the Millard Fillmore Hospital medical staff.
Five alumni were elected to other positions.
They are: Drs. Donato Carbone, M'46, secre
tary; Paul M. Walczak, M'46, treasurer; An
thony Postoloff, M'39, Paul Stoesser, M'35,
and William Kinkel, M'54, all officers-atlarge.D
42
5t;e diversity. ..Our Ciuii^ futur^
125th ANNIVERSARY
1846-1971
State diversity of ffeuj V6r^at Buffalo
A design by John O'Reilly, 30, of Cheektowaga has been selected as the official symbol
of the 125th Anniversary of the University.
O'Reilly's design was selected from a field
of 55 entries from both the University and
the community in a contest sponsored by the
Policy Committee for the 125th Anniversary.
The amateur artist, employed by Printing Prep
of Buffalo, received a $50 prize for his entry,
which he said was inspired by the theme of
the celebration, "The University - Our Living
Future."
O'Reilly said that the symbol reflects his
view of U/B as an institution whose grad
uates are to him the "key to world improve
ment." The University, he said, does not
just "push out students," but is educating
individuals with a deep concern for human
problems.
The Policy Committee said the symbol was
selected because it incorporated not only the
required Anniversary information, but also the
present University seal and the concept of
U/B's wide-ranging contributions to society.•
THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN
Seven members of the Department of Bio
physical Sciences faculty presented papers at
several professional meetings recently. They
are assistant professors Dr. M. T. Hays, Dr.
C. Y. Jung, Dr. S. Szuchet, Dr. D. C. Wobschall, Dr. C. R. Zobel, Dr. K. N. Leibovic,
an associate professor, Dr. H. A. Hauptman,
research professor, and Dr. }. T. Hoogeveen,
assistant research professor.•
Nine members of the Department of Bio
chemistry faculty presented papers at dif
ferent professional meetings recently. They
are research associate professors Dr. David
A. Cadenhead, Dr. Wells A. Farnsworth,
Dr. Demetrios Papahadjopoulos, Dr. Morris
Reichlin, Dr. George L. Tritsch, Dr. Herbert
Weinfeld, Dr. Charles E. Wenner, Dr. Eric
A. Barnard, professor and chairman, and Dr.
Om P. Bahl, associate professor.•
Dr. Pierluigi E. Bigazzi, research assistant
professor, Center for Immunology at UB
School of Medicine, received his medical
degree in 1959 from the University of Florence
Medical School in Italy. He lives at 1525
Millersport Highway in Williamsville.D
Dr. Arnold A. Abramo, a pediatrics in
structor at UB School of Medicine, is a 1954
alumnus of Loyola University Stritch School
of Medicine. Among his memberships are
American Academy of Pediatrics, Military
Section of American Academy of Pediatrics,
and Senior Member of Air Force Internists
and Allied Specialists. Dr. Abramo lives at 18
Boxwood Circle in Hamburg, New York.D
President Robert L. Ketter was one of
five men to receive the 1971 Missouri Honor
Award for Distinguished Service in Engineer
ing. Dr. Ketter graduated from the University
of Missouri in 1950 with a bachelor's degree
in civil engineering, before going to Lehigh
University where he received his master and
doctorate degrees. The award is symbolic of
a person's contribution to society through
engineering education or practice of profes
sional engineering.•
SUMMER, 1971
President Robert L. Ketter resigned as
chairman of the Comprehensive Health Plan
ning Council of Western New York in March.
Dr. Ketter won the election in June, 1970
before he was named President of the Univer
sity. Dr. Kenneth H. Eckhert, M'35, vice
chairman, moved into the chairmanship.•
Two alumni have been elected officers to
the Buffalo Sisters Hospital medical staff. Dr.
William Bukowski, M'47, is the new presi
dent, and Dr. Charles E. Wiles, M'45, is the
new treasurer. Dr. Conrad G. May was named
vice president, and Dr. Ambrose A. Macie,
secretary.•
Dr. Jean A. Cortner, professor of pedia
trics, has been appointed to the New York
State Committee for Children. The75-member
committee will make recommendations on
child care to the Joint Commission on Mental
Health of Children, a federal agency. Dr.
Cortner is also chairman of the Department
of Pediatrics at Children's Hospital.•
Dr. J. Edwin Alford is chairman of the
Advisory Council for Proctology of the Amer
ican College of Surgeons. He has also been
elected international vice president of the In
ternational Society of University Colon and
Rectal Surgeons. Sao Paulo, Brazil. Recently
he was elected to an additional four-year
term to the American Board of Colon and
Rectal Surgery. Dr. Alford, clinical associate
professor of surgery and acting head of the
Division of Proctology at the Medical School,
is on the advisory staff, Niagara Frontier
Ileostomy and Colostomy Society.•
Dr. Bertram A. Portin, clinical assistant
professor of surgery (proctology], is secretary,
Section on Gastroenterology and Proctology,
Medical Society of the State of New York.D
Dr. Douglas Holyoke, research instructor
in surgery, has been named chief of the de
partment of general surgery at the Roswell
Park Memorial Institute.•
43
People
In Memoriam
Dr. Julius Y. Cohen, M'09, died March 28
in Miami Beach, Florida where he was vaca
tioning. The 83-year-old general surgeon was
on the "emeritus" staff of Millard Fillmore
Hospital. In 1951-52 he was president of this
hospital staff, one that he had been affiliated
with since 1912. In 1939, Dr. Cohen was one
of the founders of Blue Shield of Western
New York. He was honored by this organiza
tion in 1969. He was on the governing board
from 1939 to 1947. Dr. Cohen studied surgery
in Vienna, Austria, and completed his resi
dency at Sisters Hospital. He served as a
First Lieutenant in the Army Medical Corps
during World War I. He was past president
of the Maimonides Medical Society, a founder
of the Planned Parenthood organization of
Buffalo, a Fellow in the American College of
Surgeons, and active in several professional
organizations.•
Dr. Glee W. Chessman, M'18, died Feb
ruary 23, one month after retiring. The 76year-old eye-ear-nose and throat specialist
practiced in North Hornell and Canisteo for
45 years. Dr. Chessman did graduate work
at George Washington University's Medical
School, after graduating from UB. In 1968
he was honored by the State Medical Asso
ciation for 50 years of service. He was on
the staffs of Bethesda and St. James Hos
pitals.•
Dr. Raymond C. Fess, M'09, died March 17
in the Jamestown General Hospital (NYJ. He
had been a general practitioner in Jamestown
for more than 50 years. Dr. Fess was a native
of Bowmansville, N.Y. He was a First Lieuten
ant in the Army Medical Corps in World War
I. He was active in civic affairs. •
The General Alumni Board Executive Committee — ROBERT E. LIPP, '51, President; DR. EDMOND GICEWICZ, M'56,
President-elect; JOHN J. STARR, JR., '50, Vice-President for Administration; JEROME A. CONNOLLY, '63, Vice-Presi
dent for Development; G. WILLIAM ROSE, '57, Vice-President for Associations; JOHN G. ROMBOUGH, '41, VicePresident for Activities; MORLEY TOWNSEND, '45, Vice-President for Athletics; G. HENRY OWEN, '59, Vice-Presi
dent for Public Relations; MRS. ESTHER KRATZER EVERETT, '52, Vice-President for Alumnae; DR. HAROLD J,
LEVY, M'46, Treasurer; M. ROBERT KOREN, '44, Immediate Past-President, Past Presidents; WELLS E. KNIBLOE,
'47; DR. STUART L. VAUGHAN, M'24; RICHARD C. SHEPARD, '48; HOWARD H. KOHLER, '22; DR. JAMES J
AILINGER, '25; DR. WALTER S. WALLS, M'31.
Annual Participating Fund for Medical Education Executive Board for 1970-71 — DRS. MARVIN L. BLOOM, M'43,
President; HARRY G. LaFORQE, M'34, First Vice-President; KENNETH H. ECKHERT, SR., M'35, Second Vice-Presi
dent; KEVEN M. O'GORMAN, M'43, Treasurer; DONALD HALL, M'41, Secretary; MAX CHEPLOVE, M'26, Immediate
Past-President.
Medical Alumni Association Officers; DRS. ROLAND ANTHONE, M'50, President; LOUIS C. CLOUTIER, M'54, VicePresident; JOHN J. O'BRIEN, M'41, Secretary-Treasurer; SIDNEY ANTHONE, M'50, Immediate Past President.
44
THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN
Alumni Association Tour
EUROPE — AUGUST 3-24, 1971
$890.00 per person
plus $17.50 tax and services
• Visit Amsterdam, Cologne, Heidelberg, Munich, Innsbruck,
Venice, Florence, Rome, Lucerne, Paris and London
• Round-trip jet from Buffalo
• Land transportation via deluxe Motorcoach
• All hotels personally selected
• All meals with 8 exceptions in order to allow free time to enjoy
European cuisine on your own
• Multilingual guide for the 22 days
• Special guides in Venice, Florence, Rome, Paris and London
• Tips and gratuities
• Sightseeing tours, excursions and transfers
• Personally escorted
For details write or call:
Alumni Office, 250 Winspear Avenue
State University of New York at Buffalo
Buffalo, New York 14214
(716) 831-4121
First Class
Permit No. 5670
Buffalo, N. Y.
BUSINESS
REPLY MAIL
NO POSTAGE STAMP NECESSARY
IF MAILED IN THE
UNITED STATES
POSTAGE WILL BE PAID BY —
Medical Alumni Association
2211 Main Street
Buffalo, New York 14214
Att.: David K. Michael
THE BUFFALO PHYSICIAN
STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO
3435 MAIN STREET, BUFFALO, NEW YORK 14214
Address Correction Requested
YOU'VE GOT WHAT IT TAKES!
. . . we know you like to keep your records current. So do we.
Please complete this card, detach it and mail. No postage is required.
(Please print or type all entries.)
Name
Year MD Received
Office Address
Home Address
If not UB, MD received from
In Private Practice: Yes • No • Specialty
In Academic Medicine: Yes • No • Part Time • Full Time •
School
Title
Other:
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